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Foundations of Education Chapter 5

Terms

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Old Deluder Satan Act
Massachusetts Act of 1647.

A law designed to create scripture-literate citizens who would thwart Satan's trickery.
Character Education
An approach to developing morality that suggests moral values and positive character traits, such as honesty and citizenship, should be emphazised, taught, and rewarded. Compare moral education.
Academy
A type of secondary school developed during the 1700s that focused on the practical needs of colonial America as a growing nation. Math, navigation, astronomy, bookkepping, logic, and rhetoric were all taught. Academics ultimately evolved into college-preparatory institutions.
Assimilation
A process of socializing people so that they adopt dominant social norms and patterns of behavior; an approach to multicultural education.
Common School Movement
A historical attempt in the 1800s to make education available to all children in the United States. The movement began with the goal of universal elementary education.
Compenatory Education Programs
GOvernment attempts to create more equal educational opportunities for disadvantaged youth. For example, see Head Start and Title I.
Omprehensive High School
A secondary school that attempts to meet the needs of all students by housing them together and providing curricular options (such as vocational or college-preparatory programs) geared toward a variety of student ability levels and interests.
English Classical School
A free secondary school designed to meet the needs of boys not planning to attend college. The English Classical School of Boston, established in 1824, was the first such school.
Head Start
A federal compensatory education program designed to help 3- to 4-year-old disadvantaged children enter school ready to learn; also provides assistence to families of the children.
Junior High Schools
Schools created to provide a unique academic curriculum for early adolescent youth. The first junior high was created in 1909; today, these schools are increasingly being replaced by middle schools.
Latin Grammar School
A type of college-preparatory school originally designed to help boys prepare for the ministry or, later, a career in law. The Boston Latin School, established in 1635, was the first such school in colonial America.
Magnet School
Public schools originally developed to aid in the integration of White and minority students by providing innovative or specialized programs and accepting enrollment from students in all parts of a district.
Middle Schools
Schools, typically for grades 6-8, specifically designed to help students through the rapid social, emotional,and intellectual changes characteristic of early adolescence.
Normal Schools
Two-year institutions devloped in the early 1800s to prepare prospective elementary teachers. Normal schools were replaced by the present system of higher education in which teacher education is part of a larger college or university.
Progressive Education
An educational movement, which gained prominence during the early to mid-twentieth century, that advocates a child-centered curriculum that encourages individual problem solving. This educational philosophy is known as progressivism.
Seperate But Equal
A policy of segregating minorities in education, transportation, housing, and other areas of public life if opportunities and facilities were considered equal to those of nominorities. In education, the policy was evidenced by seperate schools with different curricula, teaching methods, teachers, and resources.
Title I
A federal compensatory education program that funds educational services for low-income students in elementary and secondary schools.
War on Poverty
A general term for federal government programs designed to eradicate poverty during the 1960s.

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