Foundations of Ed Final
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- scaffolding definition, from whose theory it develops
- definition: assistance provided by an expert to help a child move to a higher level of learning. Theory: Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development
- NAEYC
- National Association for the Education of Young People
- ACEI
- Association for Childhood Education International
- Developmentally Appropriate Practice
- a framework or philosophy for working with young children
- Gardner (so many plants)
- Multiple Intelligence Theory kinesthetic, existential, interpersonal, inrapersonal, rhythmic, visual, linguistic, logical, naturalist
- Nature Defecit Disorder (whose idea?)
- From Gardener's theory; we aren't getting enough exposure to outdoors
- Skinner (operate on skin)
- Behaviorist; we change because outside forces operate on us through operant conditioning. Consequences of our behavior lead to behavior changes because of reinforcement or punishment
- Characteristics of High Quality Schooling
- trust child to be creator safe environment play time explore time order/discipline materials teacher obs. and ass. sensitivity
- What does a good curriculum have?
- Covers all areas of development. Concrete, real, relevant materials and act. Active learners. Includes multiculturalism. Indoor/outdoor. Integrated units
- 4 Dimensions of Professionalism (PEPP!)
- Personal characteristics. Educational attainment. Professional practice. Public presentation
- 3 keys to DAP (just ask the CIA!)
- Culturally, individually, age appropriate.
- Shaken baby became an issue when?
- 60s and 70s- prior to then, it was a 'family issue'
- Risk factors for being shaken?
- Male Less than 6 months Greater demand for care
- Shaken Baby Stats: who does it, who dies?
- Male family members do it. 1 in 4 babies die
- Characteristics of play
- Enjoyable Chosen Process, not goal oriented.
- 4 Kinds of Play
- Onlooker Solitary Parallel Cooperative/group
- Describe a Montessori Classroom (well-known)
- Mixed ages. Low, open shelves. Self-directed most day. Cooperation, not competition. Assessment is observed, not graded. Important to develop individual responsibility.
- Comenius (come look!)
- Added pictures to the Bible
- John Locke (the island will tell us what to do)
- We are shaped by the environment and nature; Tabula Rasa
- Martin Luther (monk... read and write all day)
- Translated the bible, increasing education and literacy
- Parten-play
- Social play is a must! Development of stages: onlooker, solitary, parallel, cooperative
- Pestalozzi (dumb pesty moms)
- Mothers should be educated because they are with their children in the beginning and care for them
- Froebel (German!)
- Kindergarten founder. Children are seeds we plant and cultivate
- Montessori (hey pretty lady)
- First female in med school. Disappointed in uneducated female teachers. Child-sized classrooms.
- Malaguzzi (Italian, much?)
- Implemented Reggio Emilia Approach
- Reggio Emilia Approach
- Flexible curriculum shaped by individual interest. Lots of project work. Teacher and students stay together. Assessment via portfolios. Teachers are researchers who document their work. Interconnectedness; reciprocity with community and peers.
- Erikson: dynamic weyker
- Development is esp. social and emotional. We travel through stages.
- 4 Stages of young people, according to Erikson.
- Trust vs. mistrust (will you come when I cry) Autonomy vs. shame (yelling during toilet training) Initiative vs. guilt (cut my hair after paper) Industry vs. inferiority (find my strengths and excel)
- Piaget (pig)
- Cognitive development occurs in stages
- 4 important stages of cognitive development (It's not the SPCA)
- Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete Formal
- Sensorimotor stage of cognitive development
- Realizes hidden objects are still there
- Preoperational stage of cognitive development
- Illogical and symbolic, one-way thinking
- Concrete Operations
- Logical about the concrete, Conservation & reversibility
- Formal Operations
- Hypothetical
- Maslow: low on the ladder
- we are driven to fulfill needs; 6 stages of needs, each one must be met before the next
- Maslow 6 stages of needs to be met
- Self-actualization Esthetics Achievement Belonging and love Safety Essentials
- B-3 Emotional Development
- Cries easy, unable to control impulses, needs routine
- 3-4 Emotional Development
- Can tolerate some frustration. Some self-control. Fear of the dark and abandonment.
- 5-6 Emotional Development
- Express and label feelings. Able to be away from parents. Conscience develops.
- 7-8 Emotional Development
- Sensitive to teasing and criticism. Expresses more empty. Sees others points of view
- B-3 Cognitive Development
- Sensorimotor investigation. Object permanence. Uses words without understanding.
- 3-4 Cognitive Development
- Says numbers but doesn't know. Little difference between fantasy and reality. Classifies by function. "Why" Egocentric
- 5-6 Cognitive Development
- Longer attention span. Seriates, groups, objects Conserves number and length
- 7-8 Cognitive Development
- Concrete operational thinking begins. Gets cause and effect. Slang. Awareness of bigger picture.
- B-3 Physical Development
- Sits and crawls. Grasps and releases things
- 3-4 Physical Development
- Rides a tricycle. Dresses self
- 5-6 Physical Development
- Fine motor skills. Eye-hand coordination. Print letters. Loses teeth.
- 7-8 Physical Development
- High energy. Growth slows. Permanent teeth. More normal body proportions and facial structure. Increase throwing/kicking accuracy.
- B-3 Social Development
- Imitates others. Begins to parallel play
- 3-5 Social Development
- Becomes aware differences (skin, sexual). Parallel play is common Imaginary playmates.
- 5-6 Social Development
- Best friends for short periods. Can share and take turns. Teachers cool.
- 7-8 Social Development
- More competitive. Plays less often with opposite gender.