Pharm Vocab Ch 1
Terms
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- Two drugs whose sum effect when given together is equal to the effect from each given separately but at the same time.
- Additive
- Drug that activates its receptor upon binding.
- Agonist
- Drug that binds to its receptor without activating it.
- Antagonist
- Fraction of drug dose that reaches the systemic circulation.
- Bioavailability
- Drug use that would result in withdrawal symptoms on discontinuation; can be psychological or physiological.
- Dependence
- Loss of tissue responsiveness that can occur with drug exposure.
- Desensitization
- All inclusive management of a patient's disease.
- Disease management
- The route comprising oral, sublingual, nasogastric, or rectal routes of drug absorption.
- Enteral route
- Elimination of drug that happens after administration but before it reaches the systemic circulation.
- First-pass effect
- List of drugs stocked by the pharmacy.
- Formulary
- Time it takes for the drug concentration to fall to 50% in the body
- Half-Life
- Actions of the body on the drug.
- Pharmacokinetics
- Dose that is first administered to rapidly achieve a therapeutic concentration.
- Loading dose
- Doses given to keep a drug at a therapeutic level in the blood.
- Maintenance dose
- Study of drugs and their action on the body.
- Pharmacology
- The route comprising routes that bypass the alimentary tract; injectable.
- Parenteral route
- Actions of the drug on the body.
- Pharmacodynamics
- Application of drug therapy to disease treatment.
- Pharmacotherapy
- The effect of two drugs given together when one drug has no effect but increases the response of the other drug, which normally has a lesser effect.
- Potentiation
- Refers to sites such as albumin where the drug is connected of bound and inactive; influences drug distribution.
- Protein binding
- Refers to drugs that contain two chemical components that may have different activity.
- Racemic
- Target for drugs to act on.
- Receptor
- Extent to which a drug acts on one specific site or receptor.
- Selectivity
- State reached when input of the drug is equal to the output of drug over the dosing interval.
- Steady state
- Refers to drug absorption under the tongue.
- Sublingual
- The result when two drugs are given together and their effect is greater than the effect from each given separately.
- Synergism
- Having an effect on prenatal development that results in abnormal structure of function.
- Teratogenic
- Quantitative measure of a drug's safety.
- Therapeutic index
- Range of drug concentration in the body in which the drug produces the desired response.
- Therapeutic range
- Study of drugs used to cure, treat, or prevent disease.
- Therapeutics
- Decrease in susceptibility to a drug's effect from continued use.
- Tolerance
- Study of drugs as it relates to poisonings and environmental toxins.
- Toxicology
- Delivered through the skin.
- Transdermal