martin' pharm
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- What are 4 common types of antiseptics?
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chlorhexidine
diluted sodium hypochlorite
EDTA
Iodophors - Name 3 disinfectants that are also antiseptics.
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Alcohols
chloroxylenols
Iodines - What disinfectants in general are negatively affected by the presence of organic material?
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alcohols
chlorine
iodine
quaternary ammonioum compounds - this level of disinfection has no effect on M. tuberculosis or bacterial spores.
- Low level disinfection
- This level of disinfection inactivates M.tuberculosis but not necessarily spores.
- intermediate level disinfection
- Which bacteria are known to produce biofilms?
- E.coli and pseudomonas
- What two alcohols are commonly used for antisepsis and disinfection. Which is faster and more bactericidal? Which is less toxic and has better virucidal properties?
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Ethanol and isopropanol
Iso is faster
Ethanol is more virucidal - What level of disinfection do alcohols achieve?
- intermediate level disinfection
- What are the two major aldehydes used for disinfection?
- formaldehyde and glyceraldehyde
- What is the most frequently used chlorine compound used in vet hospitals for disinfection?
- sodium hypochlorite
- Waht are the two most common substances used for wound antisepsis?
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providone-iodine
chlorhexidine diacetate - When treating anaerobic infections, which antimicrobials activity are unpredictable?
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first generation cephalosporins
trimethoprim-sulfonamides
ormethoprim-sulfonamides
fluoroquinolones
aminoglycosides - What drugs or classes of drugs are used to treat Pseudomonas infections?
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aminoglycosides
fluoroquinolones
imipenem - What group of microbes are responsible for 80% of anaerobic infections?
- Bacteroides fragilis
- What conditions are associated with Bacteroides fragilis?
- diarrhea in calves, piglets, lambs, foot rot in ruminants, and occasionally soft tissue and bone abcesses
- Waht should be used to treat Bacteroides fragilis infections?
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chloramphenical
metronidazole
clindamycin - What are the most common facultative anaerobes associated with obligate anaerobic infections by species for dogs, cats, horses and ruminants?
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Pasteurella and Enterobacteria in dogs and cats
Enterobacteria and Beta-Streptococcus in horses
Enterobacteria and Arcanobacterium pyogenes in ruminants