pharm-cns
Terms
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- Digoxin
- 13. Txt CHF & Atrial Flutter - inotropic - dec. K+ levels= dig. Toxicity
- Diltiazem
- 2. Txt black men. Txt AV nodal re entrance
- Quinidine
- 15. ClassIa anti arrhythmic. Moderate Na Ch. Block
- Verapamil
- 27. inc. O2 supply via dec. in vasospasm Txt Prinzmetal ‘s variant angina
- Propranolol
- 26. Blocks reflex tachy but causes excess brady= inc. diastole time= inc. EDV
- Diazoxide
- 38. Txt insulinomas. Not balanced vasodilator= onlt dilates arterial smooth muscle
- Niroprusside
- 7. Balanced vasodilator. Unloads heart. inc.s cyanide= pre-txt w/ thiosulfate. Txt Acute HTN ‘v Crisis
- Reserpine
- 8. Txt severe & resistant HTN. Depletes CA. See stuffy nose. No to pts w/ peptic ulcers.
- Dobutamine
- 9. At high doses â2(+) offsets á1 = â1 inc. CO w/o systemic vascular resistance
- Dopamine
- 10. At low doses Txt Shock= dilates renal and mesenteric aa= maintain urine output
- Esmolol
- 11. Short acting â(-)
- Captopril
- 12. Balanced vasodilator. Txt Outpt. CHF see dry cough(bradykinin induced)
- Dig. Toxicity
- 14. Fatal ventricular arrhythmias w/ severe AV block
- Lidocaine
- 16. ClassIb anit arrhythmic. Normalizes conduction. Txt initial MI= control arrhythmias
- Flecanide
- 17. ClassIc anti arrhythmic. Marked conduction slowing
- Amiodarone
- 18. Long t1/2= need potent doses to obtain desired level for action. See blue skin, ocular deposits, Pulmonary Fibrosis.
- NE
- 19. inc. AV nodal conduction via â1. Metoprolol(-) â1
- Ach
- 20. dec. AV nodal conduction via M receptor. Atorpine(-) M-r
- Atenolol
- 21. Controls catecholamine induced arrhythmias
- Bretylium
- 22. Txt Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias but causes passing catecholamine release that can aggravate arrhythmias briefly
- Nimodipine
- 23. Txt Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage by preventing post hemorrhagic vasospasm
- Atropine
- 24. dec. excess vagal tone as seen in Sinus Bradycardia
- Nitrates
- 25. dec. preload= venous pooling. dec. MVO2= reflex tachy. inc. ventr work= dec O2 demand
- Aspirin
- 28. Prevents arterial platelet adhesion (not DVThrombi). Inactivates COX= dec. platelet production of TxA2, a potent vasoconstictor
- Warfarin
- 29. (-)Vit. K dependent gamma carboxylation of clotting factors= anticoagulation state
- Heparin
- 30. Dependent on Antithrombin III activation
- TPA
- 31. Binds to fibrin clots & activates plasminogen on the spot. Short t1/2, given IV. 32. Does not discriminate b/t fibrin-based clots= bleeding & stroke complications arise
- Streptokinase
- 33. From bacteria= allergies arise. Can see excess bleeding in post-op pts.
- Urokinase
- 34. Human source. inc. plasmin. Can see excess bleeding in post-op pts.
- Colestipol
- 35. Bile acid sequestrants. Interrupt bile acid reabsorption= inc.inc. LDL uptake. Cholestyramine same MOA.
- Lovastatin
- 36. HMGCoA reductase(-)= inc. LDL-r synthesis. Pravastatin/ Mevastatin same MOA.
- Losartan
- 37. dec. Aldosterone. inc. Renin 2-3x ‘s
- Clonidine
- 39. Central á2(+). dec. TPR via dec. symapthetic effect
- Methyldopa
- 53. DOC for pregnancy induced HTN
- Phenytoin
- 41. ClassIb. Reverses mild AV block due to digitoxin toxicity
- Procainamide
- 42. ClassIa. SLE like syndrome.
- Indopamide
- 43. Only Thiazide that will have no effect on cholesterol levels
- Thiazides
- 44. Older black men w/ HTN due to inc. Renin.
- â(-)
- 45. Young white men w/o asthma (cause bronchospasm)
- ACEIs
- 58. Vasodilate renal efferents > than afferent arterioles: dec.GFR & Filtration pressure 59. dec. Diabetic renal failure progression
- Epinephrine
- 48. inc. contraction rate & force via â1. 49. inc. systolic but dec. diastolic BP. 50. dec. peripheral resistance via â2 vasodilaiton
- Norepi.
- 51. inc. heart rate and inc. systolic and diastolic BP 52. inc. peripheral blood vessel resistance
- Quinidine pre-txt
- 54. Atrial arrhythmia pretxt w/ a drug that will dec. ventricular response: Dig.;â(-); Ca Ch.(-)
- ClassII
- 55. â(-) dec.risk fo reinfarction & sudden death following MI
- “Gray man”
- 56. Amiodarone: ClassIII antiarrhythmia
- Beperidil
- 57. Ca Ch(-). Limited clinical use due to Torsades de Pointes
- Adenosine
- 60. Its receptor is blocked by Methylxanthines (ieÂ… Theophyline) 61. Favored for the Txt of Reentrant Supra Ventricular Tachycardia
- Enoxaparin
- 62. Low molecular weight heparin = Oral anticoagulant
- Isoproterenol
- 63. inc.HR & dec.MAP
- Variant angina
- 64. Use Ca Ch. (-)r ie… Nifedipine Contraindicated in CHF 65. â (-)r = you don ‘t want to dec. the heart ‘s pumping strength