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pharm-cns

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Digoxin
13. Txt CHF & Atrial Flutter - inotropic - dec. K+ levels= dig. Toxicity
Diltiazem
2. Txt black men. Txt AV nodal re entrance
Quinidine
15. ClassIa anti arrhythmic. Moderate Na Ch. Block
Verapamil
27. inc. O2 supply via dec. in vasospasm Txt Prinzmetal ‘s variant angina
Propranolol
26. Blocks reflex tachy but causes excess brady= inc. diastole time= inc. EDV
Diazoxide
38. Txt insulinomas. Not balanced vasodilator= onlt dilates arterial smooth muscle
Niroprusside
7. Balanced vasodilator. Unloads heart. inc.s cyanide= pre-txt w/ thiosulfate. Txt Acute HTN ‘v Crisis
Reserpine
8. Txt severe & resistant HTN. Depletes CA. See stuffy nose. No to pts w/ peptic ulcers.
Dobutamine
9. At high doses â2(+) offsets á1 = â1 inc. CO w/o systemic vascular resistance
Dopamine
10. At low doses Txt Shock= dilates renal and mesenteric aa= maintain urine output
Esmolol
11. Short acting â(-)
Captopril
12. Balanced vasodilator. Txt Outpt. CHF see dry cough(bradykinin induced)
Dig. Toxicity
14. Fatal ventricular arrhythmias w/ severe AV block
Lidocaine
16. ClassIb anit arrhythmic. Normalizes conduction. Txt initial MI= control arrhythmias
Flecanide
17. ClassIc anti arrhythmic. Marked conduction slowing
Amiodarone
18. Long t1/2= need potent doses to obtain desired level for action. See blue skin, ocular deposits, Pulmonary Fibrosis.
NE
19. inc. AV nodal conduction via â1. Metoprolol(-) â1
Ach
20. dec. AV nodal conduction via M receptor. Atorpine(-) M-r
Atenolol
21. Controls catecholamine induced arrhythmias
Bretylium
22. Txt Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias but causes passing catecholamine release that can aggravate arrhythmias briefly
Nimodipine
23. Txt Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage by preventing post hemorrhagic vasospasm
Atropine
24. dec. excess vagal tone as seen in Sinus Bradycardia
Nitrates
25. dec. preload= venous pooling. dec. MVO2= reflex tachy. inc. ventr work= dec O2 demand
Aspirin
28. Prevents arterial platelet adhesion (not DVThrombi). Inactivates COX= dec. platelet production of TxA2, a potent vasoconstictor
Warfarin
29. (-)Vit. K dependent gamma carboxylation of clotting factors= anticoagulation state
Heparin
30. Dependent on Antithrombin III activation
TPA
31. Binds to fibrin clots & activates plasminogen on the spot. Short t1/2, given IV. 32. Does not discriminate b/t fibrin-based clots= bleeding & stroke complications arise
Streptokinase
33. From bacteria= allergies arise. Can see excess bleeding in post-op pts.
Urokinase
34. Human source. inc. plasmin. Can see excess bleeding in post-op pts.
Colestipol
35. Bile acid sequestrants. Interrupt bile acid reabsorption= inc.inc. LDL uptake. Cholestyramine same MOA.
Lovastatin
36. HMGCoA reductase(-)= inc. LDL-r synthesis. Pravastatin/ Mevastatin same MOA.
Losartan
37. dec. Aldosterone. inc. Renin 2-3x ‘s
Clonidine
39. Central á2(+). dec. TPR via dec. symapthetic effect
Methyldopa
53. DOC for pregnancy induced HTN
Phenytoin
41. ClassIb. Reverses mild AV block due to digitoxin toxicity
Procainamide
42. ClassIa. SLE like syndrome.
Indopamide
43. Only Thiazide that will have no effect on cholesterol levels
Thiazides
44. Older black men w/ HTN due to inc. Renin.
â(-)
45. Young white men w/o asthma (cause bronchospasm)
ACEIs
58. Vasodilate renal efferents > than afferent arterioles: dec.GFR & Filtration pressure 59. dec. Diabetic renal failure progression
Epinephrine
48. inc. contraction rate & force via â1. 49. inc. systolic but dec. diastolic BP. 50. dec. peripheral resistance via â2 vasodilaiton
Norepi.
51. inc. heart rate and inc. systolic and diastolic BP 52. inc. peripheral blood vessel resistance
Quinidine pre-txt
54. Atrial arrhythmia pretxt w/ a drug that will dec. ventricular response: Dig.;â(-); Ca Ch.(-)
ClassII
55. â(-) dec.risk fo reinfarction & sudden death following MI
“Gray man”
56. Amiodarone: ClassIII antiarrhythmia
Beperidil
57. Ca Ch(-). Limited clinical use due to Torsades de Pointes
Adenosine
60. Its receptor is blocked by Methylxanthines (ieÂ… Theophyline) 61. Favored for the Txt of Reentrant Supra Ventricular Tachycardia
Enoxaparin
62. Low molecular weight heparin = Oral anticoagulant
Isoproterenol
63. inc.HR & dec.MAP
Variant angina
64. Use Ca Ch. (-)r ie… Nifedipine Contraindicated in CHF 65. â (-)r = you don ‘t want to dec. the heart ‘s pumping strength

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