China
Terms
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- Mandate of Heaven
- A person given the right to rule. Used with Zhou dynasty. Had good government
- Mongols
- 1200 mongols burst out of central asia to conquer an empire streching across asia and europe in the srocess, they imposed mongol rule on people. Nomadic people.
- Pax Mongolica
- Durin 1200s and 1300s the sons and grandsons of Genghis Khan established peace and order within their domains.
- Genghis Khan
- Brilliant leader of the Mongols. his name means "Universal leader". had a reputation of fierceness.
- Ancestor worship
- To honor ancestors spirits, they offer them food sacrafices now called "Hungry Ghost Festival"
- Forbidden City
- The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial palace from the mid-Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the middle of Beijing, China.Built from 1406 to 1420.
- Bureaucracy
- A system of government with different jobs
- Legalism
- Was based on teachings of hanfeiza "Man is evil" only way to acheive order is to be strict and inforce harsh punishments
- Dynasty
- Ruling Family
- Laozi
- Founded Daoism
- Zheng He
- 1405 Zheng He commanded the first of seven expeditions. Goal was to spread trade and collect tribute from lesser powers across the western seas.
- Yin and Yang
- Delicate balance between two forces. Well being of universe depends on this balance. Yin: Earth, dark (female) . Yang: Heaven, light (Male)
- Ming Dynasty
- 1368 Zhu Yuanzhang founded the Ming Dynasty which means brilliant. Restored the civil service system, and confucian learning. Very economically productive.
- Kublai Khan
- Genghis Khan's grandson. Did not want to become part of chinese civilization. Demanded that only Mongols could fight in the army. Reserved highest Military jobs for mongols and other non chinese officials
- Daoism
- Live in harmony with nature
- Warring states period
- to the unification of China by the Qin Dynasty in 221 BC.
- Filial Piety
- Respect for parents
- Qing Dynasty
- Powerful dynasty that expanded Chinas borders and promoted chinese culture
- Confucius
- 551-479 BC great thinker during Zouh period. Teacher educated rich, and poor, inspired to live properly
- Five relationships
- Relation of ruler to subject
- Silk Road
- Emporer Wudi opened up a network of trade routes that came to be formed as the Silk Road. It linked China and the West for centuries. 4000 miles long trade was controled by persians.
- Civil Service System
- officials in the government should win their positions by merti, rather than through family ties.
- Shi Huangdi
- First Emporer, name was zheng. Built the Great Wall of China, also the Terra Cotta warriors Strickt leader of the Qin dynasty.
- Han Dynasty
- After the colapse of Qin Dynasty (When shi huang di died) a peasant Gao Zu defeated rivals and founded new Han dynasty.
- Dynastic cycle
- Rise and fall of dynastys
- Great Wall of China
- Built by Shi Huang Di connecting of all walls to protect the land. 25Ft high 1000mi long. Showed Chinas power and kept out enemys such as the Mongols
- Dao De Jing
- Book written by Laozi (Way of Virtue) Big influence on chinesse life
- Confucianism
- Bringing order to human affairs.
- Manchus
- Set up the Qing Dynasty. Ruled a region in the northeast, Manchuria that was influnence by Chinese civilization. Won support of chinese scholar officials because they adopted the confucian system of government.
- Meritocracy
- an elite group of people whose progress is based on ability and talent rather than on class privilege or wealth.
- Feudalism
- Was a system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other forms of support to the ruler.
- Analects
- Opinions collection of sayings