Ancient Greece
Terms
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- Plato
- Teacher of Aristotle; importance of reason
- Tyranny
- Government by an individual
- Democracy
- Government by the people
- Athens
- City-state in ancient Greece, which was art based
- Pericles
- An Athenian leader during the golden age that helped improve the government
- Acropolis
- Hilltop fortress/ center of life
- Aristotle
- Teacher of Alexander the Great; told people to live between two extremes
- Peloponnesian War
- City-states resented Athens, Formed Peloponnesian, Headed by Sparta, 431 BCE conflict grew out of dispute between Athens and Corinth, Athens won seas - Spartans surrounded city of Athens, Persian navy supports Sparta, Athens surrendered in 404 BCE, Wars cost Athens navy, empire, democracy
- Hellenic Culture
- Advanced women's rights
- Delian League
- Alliance of city-states to guard against the Persians
- Cleisthenes
- Athenian reformer who created a democracy council of 500
- Socrates
- Teacher of Plato; helped others seek truth and self-knowledge
- Aristocracy
- Government by the best individuals/upper class/privileged people
- Pisistratus
- Greek tyrant who helped farmers by giving them land and money
- Thucydides
- In his writings he showed the importance of not being bias
- Homer
- Author of the Odyssey and the Iliad
- Persian Wars
- Greek world came under attack from the Persians, Persians defeat Greek city-states, Athens outnumbered yet victorious, Athens develops strong navy, Athenians took refuge on island of Salamis, Navy trap greatly damages Persian fleet, The Athenians ended up winning the war
- Minoans
- First major civilization of Greece located on Crete
- Oligarchy
- Government by a small group of people
- Alexander the Great
- A great military conquer that greatly influenced the Greek culture
- Herodotus
- "Father of history" showed the importance of research
- Helots
- Natives that were forced to be slaves. Forced by the Spartans.
- Ephors
- 5 officials who were elected by the assembly. Ran daily affairs.
- Hoplite
- Greek Solider from the middle class and was heavily armed
- Dorian Invasions
- The Mycenaean's were overthrown and attacked by the Dorians (Greek speaking people)
- Mycenaeans
- Second major civilization. Took over the Minoans. Adapted to some of the same aspects of them.
- Ostracism
- The actions that were taken if they thought a citizen was a threat to the government
- Phalanx
- Fighting technique that replaced chariots and depended on training
- Sparta
- City-state in ancient Greece, which was military based
- Polis
- Greek City-states including an Acropolis
- Archon
- A chief or leader
- Solon
- Athens ruler (Archon) ruled around 594 BCE. Helped abolish slaves working off the debts.
- Monarchy
- One person in rule, which is passed through family
- Hellenistic Age
- A time that began after the death of Alexander