science exam
Terms
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- valance electron
- an electron that is in the highest occupied energy level of an atom
- cation
- an ion with a positive charge
- polar covalent bond
- a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
- anion
- an ion with a negative charge
- molecule
- a neutral group of atoms that are joined together by one or more covalent bonds
- polyatomic ion
- a covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge and acts as a unit
- crystals
- solids whose particles are arranged in a lattice structure
- group
- a column of elements in a periodic table
- transition metals
- elemnets that form a bridge between elements on the left and right sides of the periodic table
- metalloids
- elements with properties that fall between those of metals and nonmetals
- electron dot diagram
- a diagram of an atom, ion or molecule in which each dot represents a valance electron
- chemical formula
- notation that shows elemnets a compound contains and the ratio of the atoms or ions of these elements in these compounds
- ionic bond
- the force that holds cations and anions together
- periodic law
- the pattern of repeating properties displayed by elements in the periodic table
- halogens
- the elements in group 7A
- covalent bond
- a chemical bond in which two atoms share a pair of valance electrons
- metals
- elements that are good conductors of heat and electric current
- ion
- an atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge
- alkali metals
- the elements in group 1A of the periodic table, not including hydrogen
- periodic table
- an arrangement of elements in columns based on a set of properties that repeat from row to row
- nonmetals
- elements that are poor conductors of heat and electric current
- chemical bond
- the force that holds atoms or ions together as a unit
- alkaline earth metals
- the elements in group 2A
- period
- a row in the periodic of elements the time required for one complete cycle of a periodic table
- noble gases
- the elements in group 8A
- atomic mass unit
- one twelfth of the mass of a carbon 12 atom