poli sci 3
Terms
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- logrolling
- reciprocal agreements made among legislatures to vote a certain way
- executive agreement
- bypassing Congress, an agreement between the president and another country
- bureaucracy
- complex structure of offices, tasks, rules, and principles of organization that are employed by all large-scale institutions to coordinate the work of their personnel
- delegated powers
- powers that are constitutionally assigned to one branch but exercised by another branch with the first branch's consent
- devolution
- delegating or passing a program down to a lower level of government
- brief
- written document in which attorneys explain why a court should rule in favor of their client
- supremacy clause
- national laws take precendence
- expressed powers
- powers explicitly given to president under Article II sections 2 & 3
- pocket veto
- the president takes no action on a bill and if Congress adjourns the bill is vetoed anyway
- stare decisis
- decisions stand until they are overruled
- en banc
- involving all the judges on a court
- expropriation
- confiscation of property
- line-item veto
- president/governor can strike out parts of a bill
- private bill
- proposal to allow a single person with some kind of releif
- executive privilege
- communications between a president and close advisers should be confidential
- caucus
- associations of members of Congress based on party, race, or other interest
- cloture
- rule that allows a majority of members in legislature to set a time limit on debate
- whip system
- assist communications within Congress
- judicial activism
- tendency of court to select cases based on importance to society
- agency representation
- representatives are held accountable to their constituents
- distributive tendency
- Congress spreads the benefits of a bill over a wide range of member's districts
- means testing
- qualifying for assistence
- appropriations
- money approved by Congress that parts of government can spend
- writ of certiorari
- decision of at least four justices to review a decision of a lower court
- eminent domain
- right of government to take private property for public use
- class action suit
- large numbers of people with similar interests join together for a lawsuit
- closed rule
- prohibiting amendments during debate
- conference committee
- created to work out a compromise on House and Senate versions of legislation
- open rule
- allowing amendments during debate
- judicial restraint
- deferring to legislatures
- in-kind benefits
- goods/services provided to families by federal government
- reserve requirement
- amount of liquid assests and ready cash that the Federal Reserve requires banks to hold
- amicus curiae
- groups who seek to assist the court in decision-making
- indexing
- periodic adjustments of welfare payments according to cost of living
- per curiam
- when an appeal court reaffirms the lower courts decision by refusing to even hear the case