Science ch 4
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- name 5 properties that can be used to distinguish between 2 different elements
- melting point, boiling point, denstiy, reactive w/oxygen in air and acid, conductors of thermal/electric current
- how could you seperate alcohol and water(these liquids are diff temps)
- distillation
- what is a solution
-
a mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of particles of 2 or more substances that are distributed evenly among each other.
- name 3 differences between plasma particles and gas particles
-
-plasma is made of broken particles
-plasma is hotter(moves faster)
-plasma is made of charged particles; gas is neutral - which element is most common in making semiconductors
- silicon
- what is a solute
- substance that is being dissolved
- how does the behavior of a pure element compare to the behavior when it's a compound
- pure elements and compounds behave differently because they have different properties and react differently
- give 2 examples of chemical changes
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sodium + chlorine=table salt
hydrogen + oxygen+carbon dioxide - which group of elements is used to make semiconductors
- metalloids
- give an example of a solid solution ans a gas solution
-
solid-ice
gas-air - name 5 elements that are stable enough to be found as a pure element
- gold, silver, copper, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon
- give 2 examples of physical changes
-
melting wax
breaking rock apart - name 3 elements that are nonmetals
-
sulfur
bromine
neon - how are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids different
-
metals:shiny, good conductors, ductile, malleable
nonmetals:dull, poor conductors, brittle
metalloids:both metal and nonmetal properties - explain the ways to tell the difference between a chemical and physical change
-
chemical:a new substance is formed, difficult to change back
physical: the smae substance is still there, easier to change back to what you started with - name 3 elements that are metals
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lead
copper
tin - name 3 elements that are metalloids
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silicon
antimony
boron - what is the chemical reaction for biurning magnesium
- there is a bright white light(this forms magnesium oxide)
- what is a solvent
- sunstance in which the solute is dissolved
- explain how to make a concentrated, dilute, and saturated sugar solution
-
concentrated-more solute, a lot
dilute-less solute, a little
satureated-holding as much as it can -
what is an alloy?
what are the parts of a yellow gold alloy? -
solid metal solutions
copper and silver - why can't the solute be filtered out of a solution?
- they are so small they don't scatter light
- what is a mixture
- a combination of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined
- name 3 ways to make some salt dissolve faster in water
- mixing, heating, crushing
- what happens during electrolysis of water
- it seperates into hydrogen and oxygen
- how do we know that water is H2O and not something else
- there are 2 hydrogen particles for every 1 oxygen particle
- name a compound that contains the element carbon
- carbon dioxide(CO2)
- how could you seperate and iron compound(that doesn't siolve in water) from sugar
-
-mix with water so the sugar will disolve
-filter to trap the iron
-evaporate the water by heating - how could you seperate the parets of a suspension
- passing through a filter so the liquid/gas goes through, but the solid is trapped
- what is true about the elements in each column of the periodic table
- they have similar properties and characteristics
- arrange from coldest to hottest: plasma, liquid, gas, solid
-
solid
liquid
gas
plasma - what group of plants remove nitrogen from the air and make it into a form animals can use? what other organism is involved with this process? what do animals use the nitrogen to make?
- pea plant, bacteria, proteins