Surgery: signs
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- allen's test
- test to determine patency of ulnar and radial arteries; compress both and then release one to look for reperfusion (repeat test for other artery)
- ballance's sign
- dullness to percussion in left flank/LUQ with resonance to percussion on R flank seen with pancreatic rupture/hematoma
- battle's sign
- ecchymosis over mastoid process seen with basilar skull fracture
- beck's triad
-
cardiac tamponade:
muffled heart sounds
jvd
decreased BP - bergman's triad
-
fat emboli:
dyspnea
petechiae
mental status change - blumer's shelf
- metastatic disease to the rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) or the rectovesicle pouch that is palpable as a shelf on rectal exam
- boas's sign
- right subscapular pain from cholelithiasis
- carcinoid triad
-
flushing
diarrhea
right heart failure - chovstek's sign
- twitching of the face upon tapping in patients with hypocalcemia
- courvoisier's sign
- enlarged, non-tender gallbladder, seen with obstruction of the common bile duct most often from pancreatic cancer
- cullen's sign
- peri-umbilical ecchymosis from retroperitoneal hemorrhage
- cushing's triad
-
increased ICP:
hypertension
bradycardia
irregular respirations - dance's sign
- empty right lower quadrant in children with ileocecal intussusception
- fothergill's sign
- used to differentiate an intra-abdominal mass from one in the wall- if the mass is felt while there is tension being placed on the abdomen then it is in the wall;
- fox's sign
- ecchymosis of inguinal ligament seen with retroperitoneal hemorrhage
- goodsall's rule
- anal fistulae tack in a straight line anteriorly, and curved posteriorly
- grey-turner's sign
- ecchymosis of flank from retroperitoneal hemorrhage
- hamman's sign
- crunching on auscultation of heart from emphysematous mediastinum (from Boerhaave's)
- homan's sign
- calf pain on forced dorsiflexion of foot in patient's with DVT
- howship-romberg sign
- pain along inner aspect of thigh; seen with obturator hernia as result of nerve compression
- kehr's sign
- severe left shoulder pain in patients with splenic reupture (result of referred pain fro diaphragmatic irritation)
- krukenberg tumor
- metastatic tumor to ovary
- kelly's sign
- visible peristalsis of the ureter in resposne to squeezing or retraction, used to identify the ureter during surgery
- laplace's law
- wall tension = pressure x radius
- meckel's diverticulum rule of 2's
- two percent of the populatoin have a meckel's diverticulum, 2% of those are symptomatic, and they occur within 2 feet of ileocecal valve
- murphy's sign
- cessation of ispiration while palpating under right costal margin due to cholecystitis
- obturator's sign
- pain upon internal rotation of the leg with the hip and knee flexed in patients with appendicitis/pelvic abscess
- psoas sign
- pain with extending the hip with the knee in full extension , seen with appendicitis and psoas inflammation
- pheochromocytom symptoms triad
-
palpitations
headache
episodic diaphoresis - pheochromocytoma rule of 10s
- 10% bilateral, malignant, in children, extra-adrenal, multiple tumors
- raccoon eyes
- bilateral black eyes as a result of basilar skull fracture
- reynold's pentad
-
fever
jaundice
ruq pain
mental status changes
shock/sepsis
in patient's with suppurative cholangitis - rovsing's sign
- palpation of the LLQ resulting in pain in RLQ, seen in appendicitis
- saint's triad
-
cholelithiasis
hiatal hernia
diverticular disease - silk glove sign
- indirect hernia sac in the pediatric; the sac feels like a finger of a silk glove when rolled under teh examining finger
- sister mary joseph's signs
- metastatic tumor to umbilical lymph node
- virchow's node
- metastatic tumor to left supraclavicular node
- virchow's triad
-
stasis
abnormal endothelium
hypercoagulability - trousseau's sign
- carpal spasm with occulsion of blood vessels to the forearm with a BP cuff in patient's with hypoalcemia
- valentino's sign
- RLQ pain from a perforated peptic ulcer due to succus/pus draining into the RLQ
- westermark's sign
- decreased pulmonary vascular markings on CXR in apatient with pulmonary embolus
- whipple's triad
-
evidence of insulinoma:
hypoglycemia
CNS and vasomotor symptoms (syncpe, diaphoresis)
relief of symptoms with administration of glucose