Pain Perception: Psychology
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- Proprioreceptors
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-receptors in subcutaneous tissue, deep lying blood vessels, muscles, tendons & bone coverings. Stimulated by actions of the body. Recieve no direct stimulation from outside the body.
Balance, kinesthetic receptors are proprioreceptors. - Differentiate between fast and slow pathways, relative to their myelination.
- The slow path depends on thin, unmyelinated neurons called C fibres. The fast path is mediated by thicker, myelinated neurons called A-delta fibres.
- Describe the slow pathway in pain perception.
- The slow pathway lags slightly behind the fast path. This path (which also carries info about temp) conveys the less localized, longer-lasting, aching or burning pain that comes after the initial injury.
- What are the 2 internal senses?
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1) Kinesthetic
2) Balance (Vestibular) - Describe the fast pain perception pathway.
- Fast pathway-registars localized pain and relays it to the cortex in a fraction of a second. This system is at work when you feel a sharp pain, (i.e. when you first cut your finger).
- What is the Meissner's Corpuscles?
- Found in the papillae of dermis respond to touch.
- Describe pain receptors.
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-mostly free nerve endings
-signals are transmitted to the brain via 2 different pathways which pass through 2 different areas of the thalamus. - Balance (Vestibular)
- Vestibular system of inner ear controls balance & orientation. The vestibular apparatus is connected to the cochlea & contains a utricle, a saccule & 3 semi-circular canals.
- Describe galabrous skin.
- Contains a more complex mix of free nerve endings & axons that terminate within specialized end organs.
- Describe the semi-circular canals and their role in one's sense of balance.(1of2)
- Each canal is filled with fluid. At the base of each canal is an enlargement called the ampulla. The ampulla contains cristae. The sensory receptors are called cilia which are embedded in a gelatinous mass called the cupula. When the head rotates, fluid rolls over the cupula, distorting it. This bends the cristae & generates a signal.
- Describe hairy skin?
- Hairy skin contains unencapsulated free nerve endings. Free nerve endings are found just below the surface of the skin around the base of the hair follicles.
- Interoceptors
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-sensory field is the gasterointestinal tract (making them the organic or visceral sensors).
-they recieve no direct stimulation from the outside of the body. - What are the 4 Cutaneous Senses?
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1) pressure (touch)
2) cold
3) warmth
4) pain - What is the Merkel's Disk?
- Found in the epidermis and responds to touch.
- What is the skin's epidermis?
- The outer layer of skin.
- Kinesthetic
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Provides feedback on limb positions & movement via muscles, joints, and tendons.
Tells you where your appendages are & what they are doing. - Name 3 types of END ORGANS?
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Pacinian Corpuscles
Meissner's Corpuscles
Merkel's Disk - What is pacinian corpuscles?
- Largest sensory end organ in the body. Sensitive to touch esp. vibration.
- What is the DERMIS?
- Contains the haircells, blood vessels, oil and sweat glands, and receptor cells.
- Describe the semi-circular canals and their role in one's sense of balance.(2of2)
- Axons go from vestibullar system via the 8th cranial nerve (auditory nerve).They travel to the vestibular nuclei of the medulla, fibres go from there to the cerebellum, spinal cords and pons.
- What is galabrious skin?
- Hairless skin we have on our palms.
- What are Sherrington's 3 types of receptors
- 1)exteroceptors-sensory receptors that have the quality of being stimulated from outside of the body & providing knowledge about events external to the body ie. all cutaneous senses.