MIS 311F
Terms
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- Replicate
- Repeat the experiment on many subjects to reduce chance variation in the results.
- Purple Hat
- Person who is always in control and collected in tight situations. Example: Orchestra Conductor.
- Statistical Significance
- An observed effect so large that it would rarely occur by chance.
- Pale Pink Hat
- Person who states pure facts, figures, and information.
- Multi-Staged Random Sample
- Useful with large geographic regions or time dependent data. Divide sampling into regions and then randomly select regions and divide into subregions. Repeat process as desired.
- Simple Random Sample
- Every unit in sampling frame has an equal chance of being selected. Shortcomings are high cost and bias due to poor sampling frame.
- Sampling Frame
- List of units from which a sample is chosen.
- Systematic Random Sample
- Useful with large geographic regions or time dependent data. Randomly select starting point and then sample every K-th unit from the starting point.
- Completely Randomized Design
- Simplest design strategy where each subject is randomly assigned to one group.
- Sampling Error
- The difference between the sample statistic and its corresponding population parameter.
- Intrinsic Rewards
- Self-administered or arising from within the person. Examples: personal growth and feeling of accomplishment.
- Control
- Minimize the effects of lurking/confounding variables on the response, most simply by comparing several treatments.
- Hypothesis Testing
- A procedure, based on sample evidence and probability theory, used to determine whether the hypothesis is a reasonable statement and should not be rejected or is unreasonable and should be rejected.
- Double Blind Experiment
- Neither the subjects nor the investigators know which treatment is administered
- Level of Significance
- The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.
- Hypothesis
- A statement about the value of a population parameter developed for the purpose of testing.
- Black Hat
- Person who is always playing devil's advocate and is very negative.
- Self-Directed Work Team
- A highly trained group of 6 to 18 employees that is fully responsible for creating a specified product.
- Block Design
- Used when known extraneous variables may influence the experiment. The subjects are pre-sorted by the influencing variables, then partitioned into similar blocks and randomly assigned to groups.
- Green Hat
- Person who is creative and is always on the move to try new things.
- Stratified Random Sample
- Useful for populations with known dissimilarities. Ex. race, age, and education level.
- Probability
- The proportion of times we would expect the event to occur in an infinitely long series of identical sampling experiments.
- Extrinsic Rewards
- Come from sources that are outside of, or external to, the individual. Examples: pay, fringe benefits, promotion
- Cluster Sample
- Common form of sampling based on dividing groups into sub-units.
- Randomize
- Use impersonal chance to assign subjects to treatments.
- Red Hat
- Person who is very emotional and relies more on their feelings and hunches.
- Momentum
- A synergy created by the interaction of four categories: perception of self; perception of progress; vision; interactions
- Match Pairs Design
- Treatment sequence is randomly chosen for each subject but each subject receives each treatment.
- Management by Objectives
- A process in which employees participate with management in the setting of goals or objectives.
- Yellow Hat
- Person who is positive, constructive, and is full of brightness and opportunity.
- Alternative Hypothesis
- A statement that is accepted if the sample data provide evidence that the null hypothesis is false.
- Null Hypothesis
- A statement about the value of a population parameter. Aka- the current facts.
- Confidence Interval
- A range of values constructed from sample data so the parameter occurs within that range at a specified probability.
- Confidence Statement
- Statistic plus or minus the margin of error
- Bias
- Consistent repeated divergence in the same direction of a sample statistic from its associated population parameter.