Abraham Maslow-chapter15
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- approach to psych that emphasizes the experiencing person, creativity, the study of socially and personally significant problems, and the dignity and enhancement of people
- Humanistic psychology
- strategy of studying an object of interest as a totality rather than attempting to reduce it to its component parts
- Holistic-analytic approach to science *Maslow believed in this approach
- any process that distorts human nature and depicts it as less marvelous and dignified than it is
- Desacralize
- humanistic psychology, which was viewed by Maslow and others as an alternative to psychoanalysis and behaviorism
- Third-force psychology
- arrangement of the needs from lowest to highest in terms of their potency
- Hierarchy of human needs
- innate
- Instinctoid
- most basic cluster of needs in the hierarchy, includes: the needs for water, food, oxygen, sleep, elimination and sex
- Physiological needs (first cluster of hierarchy, at bottom)
- the needs for structure, order, security, and predictability. Goal is to reduce uncertainty in his/ her life.
- Safety needs *2nd cluster up from the bottom in the hierarchy *usually seen in children b/c they typically show great fear when faced w/ unpredicatable events
- the needs for friends and companions, a supportive family, identification w/ a group and an intimate relationship (3rd cluster)
- Belongingness and Love needs
- group of needs that requires both recognition from other people that results in feelings of prestige, acceptance, status, and self-esteem that results in feelings of adequacy, competence, and confidence
- Esteem needs (4th cluster) *lack of satisfaction of these needs results in discouragement and feelings of inferiority
- highest level in the hierarchy of needs, can only be reached if the preceding need levels have been adequately satsfied .
- Self-Actualization *The self-actualizing individual operates at full capacity and is B-motivated rather than D-motivated
- innate curiousity that Maslow believed was functionally related to the ability to satisfy all human needs
- Desire to know and understand
- need for order, symmetry, closure, structure, and completion. Believed by Maslow to be instinctoid and are fully expressed in self-actualizing individuals
- Aesthetic needs
- The self-actualizing person\'s life is governed by these
- Being values/ B-values (also called metamotives)
- affects personal inner growth. Examples are beauty, truth, and justice
- being motivation (also called growth motivation)
- The non-actualizing person\'s life is governed by these and are influenced by the absence of such things as food, love, or esteem.
- Deficiency motives (D-motives)
- perception motivated by a search for objects or events that will satisfy a basic need; hungry person ---> food
- need-directed perception (also called D-perception/ cognition)
- thinking or perceiving that is governed by B-values rather than by D-motives. Such cognition is richer and fuller than D-cognition
- Being cognition
- results when there is a failure to satisfy a metaneed (B-value)
- Metapathology
- moments of intense B-cognition cause feelings of ecstast or rapture. (mystic, oceanic feelings)
- peak experiences
- 1) Perceive relaity accurately and fully 2)display greater accepatance of themselves, others, and of nature 3)exhibit spontaneity, simplicity, and naturalness 4)tend to be concerned w/ problems rather than themselves 5)quality of detachment and a nee
- The 15 characteristics of Self-Actualizing people
- 1) its at the top of the hierarchy and is the weakest of the needs, therefore it is easily impeded 2)people fear the kind of knowledge about themselves that self-actualization requires(Jonah Complex- fear of one\'s own greatness, evasion of one\'s destin
- Why Self-Actualization is Not Universal
- Maslow\'s name for the Utopia that he believed a community of healthy adults could create (complete synergy)
- Eupsychia Eu=good psych=mind ia=country
- complete cooperation or working together
- synergy syn=together ergy=working
- industrial or societal management that attempts to consider the basic human needs as Maslow viewed them
- Eupsychian management
- retreat to escape anxiety (India)
- ashram
- the spiritual teacher of an ashram
- guru
- western version of an Indian ashram
- growth center
- psychology that examines the human relationship to the cosmos or to something \"bigger than we are\" and the mystical, spiritual, or peak experiences that the realization of such a relationship produces
- Transpersonal psychology (4th force psychology)