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PSY 101 Test 1

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What are the 2 types of behavior and what are their characteristics?
overt- readily observed

covert- mental processes
What three things link to make psychology?
physiology, behavior, environment
Explain introspection
observers report moment-to-moment reactions, or self-reported.
Why was introspection eventually dismissed and what replaced it? Explain this concept.
introspection couldn't be verified. Behaviorists- only overt behavior belongs in science
What last change in psychology gave rise to the complete view we have today?
realization that the method, not material of covert studies was flawed. these people are known as cognitive psychologists.
When is an experiment an effective research method?
cause & effect between 2 variables.
What's the difference between a between subject design and an within subject design?
between subject design- 2 groups of subjects get 2 different manimulations

w/in subject design- 1 group of subjects & all exposed to same conditions
What are the characteristics of a correlational study?
finds relations between conditions; observes, doesn't test; doesn't show what causes what
What are the 2 parts of the nervous system?
central and peripheral
What are the parts of the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
What are the 2 parts of the peripheral nervous system and what do they do?
somatic- sensory organs to CNS and CNS to skeletal muscles

autonomic- involuntary movements
What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic part of the PNS and explain?
sympathetic- arousing

parasympathetic- calming
What are the 3 types of neurons and what do they do?
sensory- signals from senses to CNS

motor- signals from CNS to muscles, glands, organs

inter- link input and output
What is the function of glial cells?
structural support and insulation for neurons.
Name the parts of the neuron through which pulses will go in order.
dendrites, soma, axon/myelin sheath, axon terminals/terminal buttons/presynaptic terminals
Name 3 methods of brain imaging
EEG, CT scan, PET scan, MRI, fMRI
Explain the EEG
records brain waves. Can diagnose tumors, strokes, and infections
Explain the CT scan
x-ray beams
horizontal cross-section of brain
Explain the PET scan
measures brain activity by measureing glucose levels. good for determining which parts of the brain are in use during certain activities.
Explain the MRI
magnetic field gives brain image
Explain the 2 types of brain messages
electical- w/ in neurons, action potential created by ions

chemical- neurotransmitters released in synapse. vesicles bursted by action potential
The orientation of the spinal cord has an effect on function. Which side is responsible for what?
dorsal- input

ventral- output
What are the parts of the Hindbrain?
Medulla, Pons, Cerebellum
What are the parts of the Midbrain?
Tectum, Tegmentum
What are the parts of the Forebrain?
Limbic System, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Cerebral Cortex
Name the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex.
Occipital lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, frontal lobe
What's the function of the medulla?
regulating vital functions
What's the function of the pons?
sleeping and dreaming
What's the function of the cerebellum?
coordinated movements
Tectum function?
processes visual and auditry info
tegmentum function?
sleep and arousal, pain perception, intiating movement
limbic system function?
learning, memory, emotions
thalamus function?
"way station" of sensory function
hypothalamus function?
endocrine system
occipital lobe characteristics?
posterior end of cortex
visual cortex
parietal lobe characteristics?
above occipital lobe
somatosensory cortex (ie touch)
temporal lobe characteristics?
behind temples
auditory cortex
complex visual analysis
frontal lobe characteristics?
front of cortex
motor cortex
fine movement control
What are ventricles?
connected cavities w/in CNS
resoviour of hormones
bouyancy to brain
What are the centers for language?
Broca's area- output

Wernicke's area- input
What's the corpus callosum?
Connects 2 brain hemispheres

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