Biology Chapter 1 vocab
Terms
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- homeostasis
- meaning of human life
- anatomy
- the study of structure
- phisiology
- the study of function
- dissection
- carefully cutting and serperating of tissue to reveal their relationships
- cadavar
- dissecting of a dead human body
- compatative anatomy
- the study of more thatone species in order to learn gerneralization and evolutionary traits
- palpation
- feeling structure with fingertips
- auscultation
- is listening to the natural sounds made by the body
- percussion
- tapping on the body and listens to the sound for signs of abnormalities
- gross anatomy
- structures that can be seen with the naked eye
- histology
- the microscopic structure of tissue and organs
- microscopic anatomy
- the microscopic structure of tissue and organs
- histopathology
- is the microscopic examination of tissue for signs of disease
- ultrustructure
- fine detail down to the moleculat lever, revealed by the electron microscope
- comparative physiology
- the study of how different species have solved problems of life such as water balace, repiration, and reporduction.
- hippocrates
- father of medicine
- asristotle
- argues that the complex structures are built from smaller variety of sumple components
- galen
- made the first noteworthy medical book of his time
- avicemann
- galen of islam
- vasalius
- said galen was wrong and wrote new book
- harvey
- said that blood must be recycled
- leeuwenhoek
- first to invent a microscope capable of visualizing single cells
- hooke
- fist to invent the first compound microscope
- zeiss and abbe
- improved the micropscope
- schwann and schleden
- said that all organisms are made of cells
- cell theory
- first part: all organism are composed of cells
- becon and descarted
- wanted science to become public, cooperative enterprise, supported by government and conducted by a communtiy of scholors
- scientific methods
- refers less to observational procedures that to certain habits of disciplin creativity, careful observation, logical thinking, and honest analyis of one's observation and conclusion
- iductive methos
- process of making numerouse observations until confident to draw generalizations and predictions
- hypothesis
- educated speculation or possible answer to your question
- sample size
- number of subjects used
- controls
- comparison between treated and untreated individuals
- controlled group
- non treated sujects
- treated group
- treated sunjects
- phschosomatic effect
- effect of the subjects state of mind on his or her physiology
- expirimenter bias
- expiramenter that wants a certain results so much that it becomes biased
- doubleblind methos
- recorder of data can never be the subjects
- statistical tests
- not random always 95% sure
- peer review
- a critical evaluation by other experts in the field
- facts
- information that can be independently verified by a trainded person
- law
- result of inductive reasoning based on repeated, confirmed observation
- law of nature
- gerneralization about the predictable ways in which matter and enerygy behave
- theory
- explainitory statement, or set of statements, derived from facts, laws, and confirmed hypothesis
- natural selection
- explaination of how species originate and change through time
- charles darwin
- natural selection
- evolution
- chang in genetic composition of a population of organism
- selection pressures
- natural force that promotes the reporductive success of some individuals more than other.
- adaptaion
- are features of an organism anatomy, physiology, and behavior that have evolved in repoonse to these selceted pressured and enable organisms to cope with challenged in the environment
- aboreal
- treetop
- opposable
- they could cross the palms to touch the finger tips
- prehensile
- able to grasp branches
- sterioscopic vision
- depth perception
- bipedalism
- standing or walking on two legs
- organism
- single, complete individual
- organ system
- group of organs with collective functions
- organ
- structure composed of two or more tussed working together to carry o function
- tissue
- mass of cells that forms an organ
- cells
- the smallest unit of organism that carry out the basic function of life
- cytology
- study of organells
- organells
- microscopin structure in a cell that carrys out a function
- atom
- the smalleds particles with unique chemical identities
- reductionism
- study of the bodys simpler components
- holism
- complimentry theory that there are emegent properties of the from whole organism tht cannot be predicted from the properties of its seperate parts
- metabolism
- sum of all this inernal chemical change
- anabolism
- scomplex molecules are synthesised from simpler ones
- catobolism
- complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones