This site is 100% ad supported. Please add an exception to adblock for this site.

AP Psych Ch1 SG

Terms

undefined, object
copy deck
Science of behavior and mental processes
psychology
tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one could/would have foreseen it.
hindsight bias
explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes/predicts observations
theory
testable prediction, often implied by a theory.
hypothesis
statement of the procedures (operations) used to define research variables
operational definitions
repeating the essence of a research study, usually with different subjects in different situations, to see whether the basic finding generalizes to other participants and circumstances
replication
one person studied for research
case study
what are the cons of a case study?
individuals may be atypical
what are the pros of a case study?
good information if everything goes well
technique for ascertaining self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people, usually by questioning a representative random sample of them
survey
pros of a survey?
represents population
cons of a survey?
wording of questions may influence answers
observing/recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
naturalistic observation
tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
false consensus effect
all the cases in a group, from which samples may be drawn for a study
population
a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion
random sample
statistical measure of relationship: reveals how closely two things vary together and thus either one predicts the other
correlation coefficient
graphed cluster of dots, each of which represents the value of two variables
scatterplot
+1.00 one score increases in direct proportion to another
positive correlation
-1.00 one set of scores goes up as the other goes down
negative correlation
statistical measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other
correlation
perception of a relationship where none exists
illusory correlation
research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe the effect on some behavior/mental processes (DV)
experiment
inert substance/condition that may be administered instead of a presumed active agent, such as a drug, to see if it triggers the effects believed to characterize the active agent.
placebo
experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo. Commonly used in drug evaluation studies.
double blind procedure
thinking one is getting a treatment can boost spirits, relax one's body, and lead to symptom relief.
placebo effect
condition of an experiment that exposes participants to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable.
experimental condition
condition of an experiment that contrasts with the experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment
control condition
assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance, thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups.
random assignment
experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied
independent variable
experimental factor that is being measured; variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.
dependent variable
most frequently occurring score in a distribution
mode
average of a distribution
mean
middle score in a distribution
median
difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution
range
computed measure of how much scores vary around mean (average) score
standard deviation

Deck Info

36

sk8elemnt247

permalink