CMT Chapter 14 Ear Pathological Conditions
Terms
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- Slow-growing cystic mass made up of epithelial cell debris and cholesterol found in the middle ear.
- cholesteatoma
- Hearing loss caused by the breakdown of the transmission of sound waves through the middle and/or external ear.
- conductive deafness
- Hearing loss caused by the inability of nerve stimuli to be delivered to the brain from the inner ear due to damage to the auditory nerve or cochlea.
- sensorineural deafness
- An excessive accumulation of the waxlike secretions from the gland of the external ear canal.
- impacted cerumen
- Infection or inflammation of the labyrinth or the inner ear, specifically the three semicircular canals in the inner ear, which are fluid-filled chambers and control balance.
- labyrinthitis
- Chronic inner ear disease in which there is an overaccumulation of endolymph characterized by recurring episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, feeling of pressure or fulness in the affected ear, and tinnitus.
- Meniere's disease
- Inflammation of the outer or external ear canal, also called "swimmer's ear."
- otitis externa
- A middle ear infection, which predominately affects infants, toddlers, and preschoolers.
- acute otitis media
- Two types of otitis media
-
serous otitis media
suppurative otitis media - Sterile collection of clear fluid in the middle ear.
- serous otitis media
- Purulent collection of fluid in the middle ear causing the person to experience pain, an elevation in temp, dizziness, decreased hearing, vertigo, and tinnitus; also called acute otitis media.
- suppurative otitis media
- Condition in which the footplate of the stapes becomes immobile and secured to the oval window, resulting in a hearing loss.
- otosclerosis
- Rupture of the tympanic membrane or eardrum.
- perforation of the tympanic membrane
- Process of measuring how well an individual hears various frequencies of sound waves.
- audiometry
- Use of an otoscope to view and examine the tympanic membrane and various parts of the outer ear.
- otoscopy
- Examination that compares bone conduction and air conduction.
- tuning fork test (Rinne test)
- Examination used to evaluate auditory acuity as well as discover whether a hearing deficit is a conductive loss or a sensorineural loss.
- tuning for test (Weber test)
- Removal of a portion of ear cartilage to bring the pinna and auricle nearer the head.
- otoplasty
- Microsurgical removal of the stapes decreased by otosclerosis, typically under local anesthesia.
- stapedectomy
- Devices that amplify sound to provide more precise perception and interpretation of words communicated to the individual with a hearing deficit.
- hearing aids
- Newest and least conspicuous of hearing aids, fitting completely into the ear canal.
- in-canal style
- Worn in the external ear and is larger & more noticeable than in-canal style.
- in-ear style
- Hearing aid which allows for greater amplification of sound.
- behind-ear style
- Used by individuals with profound hearing loss. Sound is delivered to the ear canal by way of a microphone and amplifier clipped to clothing. (aduitory trainer)
- body hearing aid
- Surgical procedure with insertion of a small ventilation tube introduced into the inferior segment of the tympanic membrane.
- myringotomy or tympanotomy
- Surgical repair of the tympanic membrane with a tissue graft after a spontaneous rupture that results in hearing loss.
- myringoplasty or tympanoplasty