Unit 5 Review
review terms
Terms
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- Scientific Revolution
- A period of great scientific change.
- Johannes Kepler
- German mathematician, confirmed the heliocentric theory, added that the planets move in ellipses not circles.
- Charles I
- wanted to create an absolutist government and make Catholicism the official religion, tried to rule without using the parliament, collected money through outrageous taxing, led to Triennial Act and civil war.
- Divine right of kings
- Kings get authority from God to rule.
- Glorious Revolution
- Overthrown James II, his daughter Mary took nover with her husband William.
- Louis XIV
- Recognized as one of the most powerful monarchs of Europe. Ruled for 72 years, known as the sunking, and was famous for saying " I am the state".
- Heliocentric
- sun is the center of the universe, all planets orbit the sun.
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- From a musical family, studied music all his life. His music is Baroque style which is complex and multilayered.
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- From a musical family, he is a musical prodigy. He rebelled against church rules, played Classical style music/
- Nicolaus Copernicus
- made the heliocentric theory, sun is the center of the universe.
- Scientific Method
- steps for solving a problem or trying to figure it out, by hypothesizing and investigating.
- Oliver Cromwell
- controller of the English army.
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- He wrote the book Social contract, it said humans are naturally good and can rely on their instincs. He is French, 1712-1778.
- Peter the Great
- Was the ruler of Russia when he was 22. Believed that his country must Westernize in order to be successful.
- Fallow
- Cultivated land, land is switched around so different things can grow each year.
- Galileo Galilei
- Invented the telescope, which helped to prove the heliocentric theory
- Miguel de Cervantes
- Don Quixote was considered the first novel. It was about a man who wonders through the countryside thinking that he's a knight.
- Age of Reason
- another name for enlightenment, result of the scientific revolution.
- Absolute Monarchy
- When a ruler has complete power to do whatever they want and get away with it. Make laws by themselves and make decisions without others opinions or acceptance.
- Age of Absolutism
- A period with absolute monarchs.
- English Bill of Rights
- William and Mary accepted this document, declaired rights for English citizens.
- Eugene Delacroix
- He used a romantic theme for painting, emotion not reason. Used historic themes, and color in his paintings.
- John Locke
- He wrote the book Two treaties of government, it said people are good by nature. He was English, 1632-1704.
- Thomas Hobbes
- He wrote the book Leviathan it said people are naturally evil. He is English, 1588-1679.
- Voltaire
- He wrote the book, Candide it says people should be able to speek freely. He was French, 1694-1778.
- Mopntesquieu
- He wrote the book The spirit of laws, it said that the best type of government involves separation of powers. He was French, 1689-1755.
- William and Mary
- Ruled after the glorious revolution, accepted bill of rights
- Charles II
- Restored English Monarchy.
- Constitutional Monarchy
- Complete power to king or queen, but power is limited by constitution.
- Isaac Newton
- Defined the laws of motion and gravity, tried to explain the motion of the universe.
- Frederick the Great
- Ruler of Prussia, he centralized the government and put it under his control. He was known as the Royal Drill Sergeant.
- William Harvey
- The heart is the beginning of blood's circulation.
- Geocentric
- measured or viewed from the center of the earth.
- English Civil War
- A result of people trying to establish Absolutism.
- Enlightenment
- understanding knowledge and spreading it.