Western Art 2
Terms
undefined, object
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- Medium
- what is used. material and technique
- Content
- meaning, what it is about
- Form
- design, composition
- Style
- personality of artist. The combination of iconographical, technival and compositional features.
- Aspescts of Art
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medium, content, form, style.
All influenced by context: time and place - Elements of Art-The sensory properties
- texture, line, shape, mass, color, value, space
- texture
- the visual or tactile surface quality of an object
- line
- a path traced by a moving point that can imply many things such as delicateness, agressiveness, calmness, based on its form
- shape
- conecting lines that enclose a space
- mass
- the size
- color
- any combination of the seven principal colors
- value
- lightness or darkness of the image
- space
- the depth of the image, 2-D or 3-D
- Principles of design- the organizing guidelines
- unity, variety, balance, movement, rhythem, proportion, emphasis
- four approaches to art history
- stylistic, iconographic, sociological, psychological
- task of art historian
- authenticate, date, analyze, interpret, evaluate
- three traditional aesthetic theories
- realism, romanticism, classicism
- realism
- relies on nature
- romanticism
- art of emotion
- classisim
- improves on nature
- patron
- someone who commisions works of art
- nonrepresentational
- not representing any known object in nature
- representational
- recognizable natural forms or created objects
- naturalistic
- art seeking to represent art as it is in nature
- formalism
- the doctrine or practice of strict adherence to stylized shapes or other external forms.
- aesthitic
- beutifull, likeness
- esthetic
- dullness
- program
- a group of works
- iconology
- the interpretation of a program
- iconographic
- the meaning of the subject
- Icon
- sacred image
- Illusionism
- a type of art in which objects are intended to appear real
- formal elements
- line, shape, color, light, and dark
- composition
- overall plan or structure
- balance
- harmonious blending of the formal elements
- symetrey
- an exact correspondance of parts on either side of an axis.
- asymmetrical balance
- opposite sides that are not symetrical but there is an equilibrium
- modeling
- the use of value in 2-d art to add shading
- hatching
- modeling lines to suggest shading
- cross hatching
- parralel modeling lines intersecting to suggest dark shading
- shading
- gradual transition from light to dark
- one-point perspective
- single vanishing point
- foreshortening
- the use of perspective to suggest an object getting shorter as it gets further away
- geometric
- based on mathmatical shapes
- hue
- a pure color w/ a specific wavelength
- idealized
- representation of objects and figures to idealized standards rather than real life
- Intensity
- the degree of purity of a color
- monochromatic
- having a color scheme based on shades of black and white
- neutral
- lacking color
- organic
- having the quality of living matter
- orthogonals
- converging lines that meet at a vanishing point
- picture plane
- flate surface of a drawing or painting
- pigment
- a powdered substance used to give color to paint
- primary color
- the pure hues from which all other colors can be made. Blue, yellow, red
- rectilinear
- consisting of straight lines
- saturation
- degree of purity of a color. same as chroma, and intensity
- secondary color
- hues produced by combining two primary colors
- tiertiary color
- hue made by combining primary and secondary colors
- value scale
- a graded scale of value
- abstract
- having a generalized or symbolic form with only a essential resembalance to natural objects
- achromatic
- free of color
- analogous hues
- containing a common color
- axonometric
- a three dimensional depiction of an object
- biomorphic
- lifelike in shape
- chromatic
- colored
- color wheel
- a circular model illustrating the relationship between the various hues
- complimentary color
- hues that lie directly opposite each other on the color wheel
- contour
- the outline of a figure or form
- binder, binding medium
- a substance used in paint and other media to bind particles of pigmant together and enable them to adhere to the support.
- cromlech
- prehistoric monument consisting of a circle of monoliths.
- dolmen
- a prehistoric structure consisting of two or more megaliths capped with a horizontal slab
- fire
- to prepare by baking in a kiln or applying heat
- kiln
- an over used to fire
- megalith
- a large undressed stone used in the constuction of prehistoric monuments
- menhir
- a prehistoric monolith standing alone or grouped with other stones
- monolith
- a large block of stone used in megalithic structures
- post and lintil construction
- arcutictural system in which upright memebers (posts) support horizontal members (lintels).
- relief
- a type of sculpture in which the image is projected outwards(high or low) or inwards(sunken)
- sculpture in the round
- freestanding sculptural figures carved or modeled in three dimensions
- support
- the surface in which the pigmant is applied
- tenon
- a projecting member in a block of stone or other building material that fits into a grove or whole to form a joint
- trilithon
- an ancient monument consisting of two vertical megaliths supporting a third as a lintel
- vehicle
- the liquid in which pigments are suspended and which, as it dries binds the color to the surface of teh painting
- armature
- an inner framework supporting a sculpture
- base
- the lowest part of a column
- capital
- the decorated top of a column
- cella
- the main inner room of a temple
- column
- a cylindrical support with three parts: Base, Shaft, Capital
- convention
- a custom, practice, or principal that is recognized and accepted
- cuneiform
- a form of writing used in ancient mesopotamia
- cylinder seal
- a round cylinder with an image engraved. It would be rolled over clay and imprint the image repetedly
- facing
- an outer covering or sheating
- glaze
- a meterial used in pottery for a glossy finish
- intaglio
- lines are incised into a surface
- hierarical proportion
- size equals importance
- lamassu
- figures of bull or lions with wings and human heads
- lapis lazuli
- a semipricious blue stone used for the pigmant ultramarine
- loadbearing construction
- solid forms are superimposed on one another to form a tapering structure
- pillar
- a large, freestanding, loadbearing actutecture
- provenience
- origin, the act of coming from a particular source
- register
- a range or row, especially one of a sseries
- shaft
- the verticle part of a column
- stele
- an upright stone carved for commemorative purposes
- ziggurat
- a trapezoisal stepped structure representing a mountain