Communications 1
Terms
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- Seven characteristics of nonverbal communication
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1. ambiguous and must be viewed in context.
2. continuous
3. multi-channeled
4. highly believable
5. usually unconscious
6. primarily relational
7. may be culture-bound or cross-cultural - Functions of nonverbal behavior
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1. May supplement words (accent, repeat, etc)
2. May modify your words (contradict)
3. May regulate flow of verbal interaction
4. may take the place of words (substitution) - Body motion is also known as...
- kinesic behavior
- Kinesic behavior has what two functions?
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1. indicated attitude
2. conveys feeling - Types of body motion
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1. eye contact
2. facial expressions
3. gestures
4. posture - Uses of body motion
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Emblems
Illustrators
Affect displays
Regulators
Adaptors - what are emblems of body motion?
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body motions or gestures that supplement or replace words
i.e. shrug shoulders, thumbs up - What are illustrators of body motion?
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movements or gestures which accent or emphasize
i.e. pound the table, point at something - What are affect displays of body motion?
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expression of pronounced physical sensations
have cultural specificity - What are regulators of body motion?
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cues that are meant to control the flow of communication
i.e. raise eyebrows in disbelief - What are adaptors of body motion?
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efforts to satisfy personal needs as people relate to each other
not intuitive, arise from perceptives i.e. duplicate breathing pattern to adapt to each other - Another name for vocalics
- paralanguage
- What is paralanguage?
- vocal components of speech apart from the verbal content
- What are the examples of paralanguage?
- pitch, quality, rate or tempo, volume, rhythm
- What are the two components of quality?
- resonance and articulation
- Function of metamessages
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to say covertly what you're afraid to say directly
beat around the bush, source of interpersonal conflict - Verbal modifiers of metamessages
- add nuances to meaning i.e. "I'm JUST trying to help"
- Rhythm and pitch in metamessages
- emphasis controls meaning, if no emphasis then no metamessage
- What are the two ways to cope with metamessages?
- awareness and response
- What are the 3 aspects he listed under self-presentation?
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1. clothing and other artifactual communication
2. touch
3. chronemics - Another word for touch
- haptics
- Chronemics
- how we structure and use time
- What are the aspects of communication through management of personal environment?
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1. space
2. temperature, lighting and color - Communication through management of space occurs through...
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1. territorality
2. management of informal space (proxemics)
3. cultural considerations - Intimate distance
- touch - 18'', sign of trust, without consent you are invading someone's trust
- Personal distance
- 18'' - 4'
- Social distance
- 4' - 12' ; business meeting
- Public distance
- 12'-25'; for politicians and celebrities
- fearful people show what body language?
- frozen with terror
- angry people show what body language?
- tremble with rage
- belligerent people show what body language?
- bare their teeth
- reserved people show what body language?
- seem standoffish
- confident people show what body language?
- swollen with pride
- determined people show what body language?
- grit their teeth
- control people show what body language?
- keep a stiff upper lip
- shameful people show what body language?
- flush with embarrassment