General Science module 5
Terms
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- Life Science
- A term that encompasses all scientific pursuits related to living organisms.
- Archaeology
- The study of past human life as revealed by preserved relics.
- Artifacts
- Objects made by humans such as tools,weapons,containers,etc.
- Geology
- The study of earth's history as revealed in the rocks that make up the earth.
- Paleontology
- The study of life's history as revealed in the preserved remains of once-living plants and animals.
- Aristotle's dictum
- The benefit of the doubt is to be given to the document itself,not assigned by the critic to himself.
- Known Age
- The age of an artifact as determined by a date printed on it or a reference to the artifact in world history.
- Dendrochronology
- The process of counting tree rings to determine the age of a tree.
- Radiometric age
- Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item.
- Absolute age
- The calculated age of an artifact from a specific dating method that is used to determine when the artifact was made.
- The Principle of Superposition
- When artifacts are found in rock or earth that is layered,the deeper layers hold the older artifacts.
- If you wanted to learn about the history of life other than human life, would you use archaeology or paleontology?
- You would look at paleontology
- Name the three tests used to evaluate documents that claim to be historical.
- The internal test, the external test, and the bibilographic test.
- Give a brief description of each of the tests listed in #3.
- The internal test tests whether or not the document in question is contradicting itself.The external test askes another simple question: does the document contradict other known historical or archaeological facts. The biblical test makes certain that the document we have today is essentially the same as the original.
- In what test is Aristotle's dictum used? Why must we use it?
- The internal test, We must use it because what seems to be a contradiction in a document might not be a contradiction. It might just be our inability to understand the language in which the document was written.
- There are two reasons to believe that the copy of an ancient document might not be the same as the original. One is that the person making the copy might have made some unintentional mistakes. What is the other reason?
- Second, the person requesting the copy would tell the scribe to make deliberate changes.
- What two things help a document pass the bibliographic test?
- There must be a relatively short amount of time between copy and original, and there must be several copies made by different people.
- Does the bible contain any contradictions that make it fail the internal test?
- no
- Does the bible have any difficult passages that might seem like contradictions?
- yes
- Why are the two accounts given in Acts 9:7 and Acts 22:9 not contradictory? Feel free to use you bible to look up those verses.
- When this word is used genitively, it implies only that sounds were heard; however, when constructed in the accusative case, the word implies that speech was both heard and understood.
- Why are the two geneologies of Christ given in Luke 3 and Matthew 1 not contradictory? Once again, you can use your bible.
- The geneology presented in Matthew is Joseph's family line, whereas the passage in Luke traces Mary's family line.
- Why can we say that the bible passes the external test better than any other document of its time?
- No other work has had so much archaeological evidence compared to it.
- Suppose a document passes the internal and bibliographic tests but some of the conclusions of archeologists go against what the document says. If the document has some other external support(other historical documents and some archaeological evidence), w
- Sometimes it turns out that archaeology is wrong.
- Why can we say that the New Testament passes the bibliographic test better than any other document of its time?
- The New Testament has significantly shorter time spans between original and copy as compared to any other work of the same time period. It also has thousands more supporting documents than any other document of its time.
- Does the Old Testament pass the bibliographic test?
- Yes the Old Testament passes the bibliographic test just as well as any other document of its time.
- The age of an ancient settlement is determined by using dendrochronology on some firewood that has been chopped down but never used by the inhabitants. Does the settlement have a known age or an absolute age?
- absolute age
- A coffin of a great king is discovered. The date of the king's death is recorded in a document of history. Does the coffin have a known age or an absolute age.
- known age
- If an archaeologist gives an absolute age for an artifact, does that mean we know for certain how old an artifact is?
- No. Absolute does not mean certain.
- Why does an archaeologist use master tree ring patterns?
- To determine the age of the tree.
- What is the underlying assumption of the Principle of Superposition?
- Each layer of soil or rock is formed one at a time.
- Suppose an archeologist uses dendrochronology to determine that a city was built in 2500 B.C. Several years later, another archaeologist is digging deeper under the site of the city and, in a lower layer of rock, he finds the remains of another city. Unf
- He can conclude that the city he found was built before 2500 B.C.
- Besides being discussed in the most accurate historical document of its time, what other historical evidence exists which indicates that Noah's Flood actually did occur?
- There are many seemingly unrelated cultures that all have a worldwide flood tale.