Evolution Biology
Terms
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- What was the name of survey ship?
- H.M.S. Beagle
- What did Malthus say about population growth?
- all species have the potential to over populate however most remain stable.
- How many years did Charles Darwin sail around the world and vist many places?
- five
- What did Charles Darwin study at Cambridge University?
- clergy
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Natural Selection:
Observation 2 - populations tend to remain stable in size
- In 1859 what did Darwin publish?
- "On the Origin of Species By Means of Natural Selection"
- for how many years did Charles Darwin gather evidence but didn't publisH?
- twenty
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Natural Selection:
Observation 1 - All species have the potential to reproduce exponentially
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Natural Selection:
Inference 3 - overtime in a population there will be a gradual increase in favorable characteristics for individuals to survive and reproduce.
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Natural Selection:
Observation 3 - environmental resources are limited
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Natural Selection:
Inference 1 - production of most individuals than can survive leads to struggle for existence. only a fraction of species survive.
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Natural Selection:
Observation 4 - individuals vary in their characteristics
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Natural Selection:
Inference 2 - individuals best fit for their environment are likely to survive and reproduce offspring than the less fit individuals
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Natural Selection:
Observation 5 - many of this variation characteristics are inheritable
- What does relative dating mean?
- the estimated age by comparing fossil to other fossils in other rock layers.
- what are transistional fossils?
-
intermediate forms between older and newer forms
ex fossil links: fish and amphibians; reptiles and birds; reptiles and mammals - what does radioactive dating mean?
- the calculated age of fossils based on the amount of remaining radioactive isotopes it contains
- geologic time scale
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life forms appear in the fossil record in a sequential order with increasing complexity
[the less complex, the older it is; the more complex, the newer it is] - A. island species [1]
- 1. species found no where else
- When was Charles Darwin born?
- 1809
- what does vestigial structures mean?
-
structures that serve no function in an organism.
ex: leg bones in some snakes; pelvis in whales; goose bumps in people - A. Living Species [2]
- similar to species on adjacent mainland [think of Galgapagos Islands and turtles and birds]
- B. Convergent Species
- unrelated species on different continents with similar environment have similar modifications.
- homologous structures
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structures that have different mature forms but develop from the embryonic tissues. [structures that are different, but almost are the same]
ex: wing of a bat; flipper of a whale; human arm