Music words test 3
Terms
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- His orchestra in Mannheim experimented with crescendo and decrescendo.
- Stamitz
- He was a child prodigy who composed for every medium, including the operas,The Magic Flute, Don Giovanni, and The Marriage of Figaro.
- Mozart
- For much of his life, he served the Esterhazy family in Hungary, where he wrote 104 symphonies.
- Haydn
- He was born in 1770 in Bonn; as an adult he made a living without a patron, experimenting with an increased orchestra and with the sturdier English piano.
- Beethoven
- This ensemble consists of two violins, a viola, and a violoncello.
- string quartet
- He was the librettist for The Marriage of Figaro.
- da Ponte
- He wrote the French play on which the above opera is based.
- Beaumarchais
- It is a piece for orchestra in 3 or 4 movements, the first in sonata-allegro form.
- symphony
- It is a piece for solo instrument and orchestra in 3 movements, the first in sonata-allegro form.
- concerto
- It is a piece for 1 or 2 solo instruments, in 3 or 4 movements, the first in sonata-allegro form.
- sonata
- It is a piece for 3-7+ instruments in 3 or 4 movements, the first in sonata-allegro form.
- chamber music
- An A B A pattern, it is often the form of second movements.
- ternary
- A comic play sung in Italian, it has recitative and ensembles, made possible by low male voices.
- opera buffa
- They are major and minor keys with the same key signature.
- relatives
- They are major and minor keys with the same key note.
- parallels
- The high female voice, it is most often assigned to young heroines in operas.
- soprano
- It is a pattern in which A stands for the main theme, which then alternates with other themes. The A theme should return at least 3 times as follows: ABACADA.
- rondo
- It is the high male voice which sings young, honorable, aristocratic heroes.
- tenor
- A keyboard instruments popularized in the eighteenth century, it can sustain pitches and crescendo-decrescendo.
- pianoforte
- It is the key note of a piece.
- tonic
- It is German comic opera with spoken dialogue.
- Singspiel
- It is the part of an opera buffa in which all the principal characters sing together, sometimes moving the plot. It happens in the middle and at the end of the opera.
- ensemble finale
- Serious Italian opera, it has a rigid structure, made up of a series of recitatives and arias, with a set number of arias required for each singer, depending on his/her place in the hierarchy of the cast.
- opera seria
- This type of texture became prominent in the classic period, particularly in instrumental music.
- homophonic
- It is a stately dance in 3/4 meter. Its pattern was adopted as the form of third movements of symphonies, sonatas, and chamber music when the piece has 4 movements.
- minuet and trio
- Beethoven used this form to replace the minuet and trio. It is a three-part form in a fast triple meter.
- scherzo and trio
- It is the pattern for the first movements of symphonies, chamber music, concertos, and sonatas. It has three parts, the first of which introduces two keys and usually two themes.
- sonata-allegro
- It is the second part of the sonata-allegro.
- The parts are exposition, development, recapitulation. I might give you either of them.
- It is the low male voice that sings buffoon or comic parts in the opera buffa.
- basso buffo
- He was the Hungarian Prince who was Haydn's patron for about 30 years.
- Esterhazy
- It is the term for a chord in which the notes are played in succession to provide a continual stream of sound rather than blocked all together.
- Alberti bass
- It refers to rural life and scenes, especially either to the nativity or to an idealized countryside.
- pastoral
- It was Mozart's birthplace, and every year a festival featuring his music is held there.
- Salzburg
- A distinguishing characteristic of opera buffa, it means groups of principal singers from duets to all the principals singing together.
- ensembles
- It is the middle female voice, and it is used for supporting female roles in opera.
- mezzo-soprano
- It is the lowest female voice, and it is used for older servants in opera.
- contralto
- It is the middle male voice, and it is used for fathers and for dishonorable aristocrats.
- baritone
- It is the lowest male voice, and it is used for servants, for priests, and for Jesus.
- bass
- It is a form in which a theme, usually of two phrases is sounded. It then returns in the exact same length, but it is altered either melodically, harmonically, rhythmically, or modally.
- theme and variations
- It is a showy passage for the soloist appearing near the end of the movement in an instrumental or a vocal work. It usually incorporates rapid runs, arpeggios, and snippets of previously heard themes into a fantasylike improvisation.
- cadenza
- He was court composer to Emperor Joseph II and his two successors in Vienna. He taught Beethoven, Schubert, Liszt, and one of Mozart's sons.
- Salieri