Music History Test Baroque and Classical
Terms
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- Basso continuo
- bass line serving as a foundation for harmony in the Baroque period, Monteverdi's L'orfeo (1607)
- Aria
- a strophic song or songful monologue or duet in an opera, Giulio Caesare "V'adoro pupille" (1724)
- cantabile
- singable, ex. Don Giovanni (make sure it's pretty)
- denouement
- resolution of a conflict in operatic work, Don Giovanni Mozart (1789) "Madamina"
- exposition
- the beginning of sonata form where primary and secondary themes are introduced with a transition in between, either goes to V or III if minor), then Klosing, repeated:|| Mozart Symphony No. 40
- imbroglio
- a conflict that needs to be resolved, Don Giovanni, Mozart "Introduzione"
- recapitulation
- last part of sonata that restates the themes, cannot change key, Mozart Symphony No. 40
- scherzo
- jesting, lively movement (usually) that evolved from the minuet and is organized in ternary form, Beethoven 5th Symphony 3rd movement
- sonata cycle
- multimovement piece, generally 4, where first movement must be in sonata form, second and third - one is slow, the other is a minuet and trio, fourth is sonata form or theme and variations, Mozart Symphony No. 40
- theme and variations
- musical subject + variations 2nd mvt Haydn Symphony No. 94
- transverse flute
- baroque flute constructed to play in D major, ex. Mozart Flute Concerto no. 2 in D
- minuet and trio
- minuet-trio-minuet, ternary form Mozart 40
- Striggio
- Italian librettist who wrote for L'orfeo 1607
- ternary
- ABA, 3rd Movement of Mozart 40, minuet and trio is good example
- darkness to light
- a technique used a lot by Beethoven by making the low piano register dark and the upper light, also the structure of Beethoven's 5th (trombones are the light)
- antecedent/consequent
- a pair of musical statements that compliment one another rhythmically and harmonically (can be similar, parallel, or contrasting)
- viola de gamba
- a stringed baroque instrument with frets
- Development
- the second part of sonata form which modulates and uses various fragments of the themes, ends in V so that I can happen in recap
- Recapituation
- last part of sonata form that resembles Exposition except it must stay in the tonic key
- medial casura
- the pause between the first and second theme in sonata form
- rounded binary
- a:||:ba:||, ex. ?
- Sturm and Drang
- storm and stress, describes German literature that contains gloomy, terrified, and irrational feelings. Beethoven 5th
- Nathum Tate
- wrote libretto for Dido and Aeneas
- Mannheim
- early center for the growth of the symphony, Stamitz gathered an orchestra here,
- Haym
- librettist for JC
- idiomatic writing/playing
- uses the characteristics of an instrument or texture to arouse an emotion, Beethoven 5th, trombones