Intro and Terminology
Terms
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- line angle
- junction of two surfaces
- junctions of the tooth cementoenamel
- The surface at which the enamel of the crown and the cementum of the root of a tooth are joined.
- hard tissue - cementum
- dull yellowish layer of hard, bonelike tissue covering dentin of enatomical anatomic root//65% ca hydrox, 23% organic matter (collagen fibers), 12% water, thin layer like
- occlusion
- manner in which mandibular teeth contact maxillary teeth
- mixed dentition period
- 6-12 yrs// at age 6, 1st secondary teeth emerge (first perm molars)//ends when all deciduous teeth have been shed
- LANDMARKS - pit
- pinpoint depression//occurs at depth of ofssa where 2 or more grooves join//
- LANDMARKS - transferse ridge
- when B, L, triangular ridges join transversely
- LANDMARKS - cinfulum
- lingual lobe of anterior tooth//bulk of cervical 1/3 on lingual//convex M-D toot crowns develop from lobes on primary growth centers
- succedaneous teeth
- replace primary teeth (secondary premolars replace the primary molars) so the premolars and the third molars are not in the primary teeth
- Pulpal anatomy - pulp horns
- pointed projections (hehe) at occlusal and incisal portion of chamber; corresponds to cusps (see pic in notes)
- Root portion of tooth - single root
- 1 apex, usually anterior of teeth and some premolars
- non-succedaneous teeth
- prem teeth that do not replace primary teeth
- first premolar; 2nd premolar; upper canines
- usually has 2 roots; usually has 1 root: longest teeth
- hard tissues - enamel
- white, protective external surface covering dentin of anatomic crown//highly mineralized, hardest substance in body//95% calcium hydroxyapitate - calcified and inorganic //1% organic matter (enamil matrix)//4%water..there's water there..cool.
- anterior teeth
- incisors and canines [incisors - incise or cut, canines - grasp or hold]
- proximal - mesial and distal
- sides that is adjacent to other teeth
- LANDMARKS - triangular ridges
- located on each major cusp of posterior teeth//descent from cusp tip toward central part of occlusal surfaces
- primary dentition period
- 6mo - 6 yr of age// eruption 6mo to 2-2.5 yrs of age
- Root portion of tooth - multiple roots
- bifurcation of trifurcation dividing root portion into brances molars and some premolars
- LANDMARKS - mamelons
- 3 small scallops, each formed from 1 of 3 facial developmtl lobes of incisal edges of newly erupted incisors
- primary or decidious teeth
- 20 teeth, 5 teeth per quad [2 incis, 1 canine, 2 mol],10 per arch
- functions of pulp - defense and protection - reparative dentin
- response to moderate irritation by formation of dentin
- Navigating a tooth - division into thirds - crown, thirds in three directions
- occluso-gingivally, mesiodistally, and buccolingually
- Root portion of tooth -alveolar process
- portion of jaw which serves as support for tooth
- root to crown ratio
- root lenght/crown length
- Pulpal anatomy - pulp chamber
- crown portion
- where do convex M-D toot crowns develop?
- develop from lobes on primary growth centers (cusps, mamelons are representative) incisors, canines, most premolars develop from 4 lobes//each molar cusp forms from 1 lobe
- anatomical root
- part of the tooth that has cementum surface
- root axis line
- bisec root in cervical area
- point angle
- junction of 3 surfaces - like a 3pointer in bball..yayy. but u prob know this definition already
- Pulpal anatomy - pulp canal
- root portion
- tooth composition - 4 tooth tissues, hard/soft?
- enamel, cementum dentin <--hard soft-->pulp
- functions of pulp - sensation
- nerve endings in pulp conduct impulses of pain
- apical foramen
- apical limit of pulp, cavity through which nutrients enter and exit pulp
- permanent teeth
- 32 perm teeth, 8 per quadrant, 16 per arch
- clinical root
- part of the tooth under gingiva, not exposed to oral cavity
- height of contour or crest of curvature
- highest point of curve or bulge farthest from root axis line//as with embrasure form, aids in proper protection and stimulation of gingival tissue (fxn)
- Navigating a tooth - division into thirds - crown
- can be divided into: incisal or occlusal third, middle third and cervical third
- LANDMARKS - cusp with cusp tip
- pointed peak located on occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars and incisal edges of canines
- why is proper contact between teeth important?
- stabilizes tooth and position withing arch // prevents food impaction
- Pulpal anatomy - pulp cavity
- contains pulp tissue, outline corresponds to external outline of tooth (see notes for pic)
- functions of pulp - 4 embrasures
- facial, lingula, occlusal, gingival (interproximal spac)
- posterior teeth
- premolars and molars [premolar - hold and crush, molars - grind and mix]
- permanent dentition period
- begins at age 12 (mixed dentition ends)
- junctions of the tooth cementodentinal
- The surface at which the cementum and dentin of the root of a tooth are joined.
- clinical crown
- part of the tooth visible in oral cavity
- LANDMARKS - developmental groove
- line formed during tooth development, btw lopes or primary parts of tooth
- functions of pulp - embrasures
- triangularly shaped spaces surrounding contact area//spillways directing food away from gingival-part of self cleaning process of teeth//4 embrasures (facial, lingula, occclusal, gingival -interproximal space)//lingual embrasure usually larger than facial (see notes for diag)
- functions of pulp - nutrition
- supplies nutrients and moisture to dentin through blood vascular supply
- Navigating a tooth - division into thirds - root
- can be divided into: cerfical third, middle third, and apical third
- anatomical crown
- part of the tooth that has enamel surface, coronal to cervical line
- functions of pulp - formation of dentin by odontoblasts - secondary dentin
- produced throughout life of tooth
- hard tissues - dentin
- hard yellowish tissue forfming main bulk of inner portion of tooth //surround pulp caviy, covered by enamel in anatomical crown and cementum in anatomical root//70% calcium hydrox, 18%organic (collage fibers), 12% water (softer than enamel, HARDer than cementum)
- crown and root
- apex of root, apical foramen, root, cervical line (cementoenamel junction), crown, root to crown ratio [no idea what this means, but it was in the notes]
- junctions of the tooth dentinoenamel
- The interface of enamel and dentin of the tooth crown, conforming in a general way to the shape of the crown.
- when do permanent teeth erupt?
- between 6 - 21 yrs of age
- LANDMARKS - supplemental groove
- less distinct than developmental groove, less distinct, doe snot mark junction of primary parts
- LANDMARKS - sulcus
- valley between ridges and cusps///developmental groove at junction of its inclines
- LANDMARKS - fossa
- small depression found between marginal ridges on lingual surfaces of anterior teeth and occlusal surfaces of all posterior teeth
- Root portion of tooth -alveolus
- bone of tooth sockey
- LANDMARKS - marginal ridges
- ant teeth - M & D border of L surface, converging toward cingulum//post teeth - on M and D bordes of occlustal surfaces
- LANDMARKS - pits and fissures
- enamel defects where dental dacay may begin
- LANDMARKS - cusp tip
- has 4 cusp ridges (lines prominences) of enamel converging toward it
- functions of pulp - formation of dentin by odontoblasts - primary dentin
- forming initial shape of tooth
- functions of pulp - contact areas
- area on proximal surface of the crown that touches the adjacent tooth in the same arch//stabalizes position of teeth withing arch and prevents food impaction (fxns)
- tooth surfaces diagram
- see notes - sexy diagram here
- LANDMARKS - fissue
- narrow crevice at depth of groove, caused by incomplete fusion of enamel during tooth develpmt
- LANDMARKS - Oblique ridge
- only on maxillary molars// triangular ridges connection diagonally
- labial; buccal
- near lips; near cheeks. these are facial tooth surfaces
- LANDMARKS - cusp slopes
- mesial and distal cusp ridges