Mood Disorders
Chapter 7
Terms
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- Antidepressant Drugs - SSRI
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors - increase serotonin w/o affecting norephinephrine
- Neurotransmitters in Bipolar
- low serotonin w/ low noreph = depression / low serotnonin w/ high noreph = mania
- 3 Traits in Unipolar Depression - Cognitive Model
- 1. Learned helplessness 2. Negative thinking 3. automatic thoughts
- Bipolar I
- full manic and major depressive episodes
- Bipolar II
- hypomanic - mildly manic with major depressive episodes over time
- Unipolar Depression - Behavioral Model
- changes in number of rewards and punishments. Positive rewards dwindle = less positive behavior
- Treatments for Unipolar Depression - psychological model
- free association, interpretation of dreams, review past feelings and events
- Sociocultural Model - loss
- loss of loved one
- Two types of mood disorders
- Unipolar depression and bipolar disorder
- Which treatment is better for bipolar
- all treatments need to be used together
- Unipolar Depression - Sociocultural Model
- depression varies by culture
- Learned helplessness
- no longer have control over rewards and punishments
- Negative Thinking (cognitive triad)
- 1. experiences 2. themselves 3. futures
- Sociocultural Model - deficits
- shyness or awkwardness
- Sociocultural Model - role transition
- birth of a child, divorce
- Treatments for Unipolar Depression - Behavioral Model
- increase positive behavior, adding positive activities
- Treatments of Bipolar (3
- lithium, antiseizure drugs, adjunctive psychotherapy
- Unipolar Depression - Biological Model
- Genetic factors, biochemical factors (low activity of norepinephrine and serotonin) Cortisol can be released from stress
- Unipolar Depression - Psychological Model
- not strongly supported by research, Freud says unconcscious processes when loved one dies, regresses to oral stage - dependent
- Antidepressant Drugs - Tricyclics
- block neurotransmitter reuptake
- Sociocultural Model - role dispute
- two people have different expectations in relationship
- Causes of Bipolar (4)
- neurotransmitters, ion activity, brain structure, genetic factors
- Cyclothymic Disorder
- numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and mild depressive symptoms
- Two things mood disorders consist of
- depression (low state) and mania (euphoria, energy)
- Treatments for Unipolar Depression - biological model
- ECT (electroconvulsive therapy), drugs (MAO, Tricyclics, SSRI)
- Antidepressant Drugs - MAO
- Monoamine Exidase Inhibitors - block destruction of norephinephrine and must stick to rigid diet
- Biopolar Disorder - Mania's 4 areas of function
- emotional, motivational, behavioral, cognitive
- 5 Symptoms of Unipolar Depression
- emotional, motivational, behavioral, cognitive, physical
- Treatment of Unipolar Depression - Cognitive Model
- 4 phases: 1) increase activities and elevating mood. 2) challenging automatic thoughts 3) identifying negative thinking and bias 4) changing primary attitudes
- Biopolar Disorder
- lows of depression and highs of mania - mostly biological
- Unipolar Depression - Cognitive Model
- view events in negative ways, perceptions lead to disorder
- Treatments of Unipolar Depression - Sociocultural Model
- interpersonal psychotherapy - loss, role dispute, role transition, deficits / or couple therapy
- Automatic Thoughts
- constant strain of negative thoughts
- Dysthymic Disorder
- Mood disorder similar to but longer-lasting and less disabling than a major depressive disorder