Anatomy Chapter 4
Terms
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- Cuboidal Cells
- Cells that resemble cubes; are as tall as they are wide.
- Gap Junctions
- intercellular (between cells); make pores that allows spall substances like ions, small amino acids and such in.
- skeletal muscle tissue
- muscles attached to bones
- Dense regular connective tissue
- found in ligaments and tendons.
- Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
- Single layer cube like cells, used for absorption and secretion; found in thyroid gland, kidney tubules, and surface of ovary
- Adhering Junctions
- aka adhesion belt; contains filaments or passage ways that allow signals to pass through. Located in the basal (bottom) portion of the cell.
- Nervous Tissue
- Consists of Neurons and Glial Cells; located in the brain and spinal cord.
- Muscle Tissue
- Contractile; receives stimulation from nervous system and or endocrine system; facilitates movement of skeleton or organ walls.
- Fluid Connective Tissue
- Blood.
- Transitional Epithelium
- Elastic; Can readily change their shape; Found in the inner lining of the urinary bladder.
- Fat
- Contains adipocytes; Fat cells with a single large lipid droplet.
- Adipose Connective Tissue
- fat.
- Apocrine Glands
- Occur with the decapitation of apical (top) glands of the cell. These glands include the mammary and sweat glands in the pubic regions.
- Glial Cells
- Not excitable; support and protect neurons; located in brain and spinal cord.
- Neurons
- control activities, process information; located in brain and spinal cord.
- Apical Surface
- Top surface
- Tissues
- Groups of cells that carry out a common function such as providing protection or facilitating body movement.
- Stratified Epithelium
- Two or more layers of epithelial cells; resembles a brick wall.
- Mucous Glands
- Glands that secret mucin, which forms mucus when mixed with water. These glands are found in such places as the roof of the mouth and the surface of the tongue.
- Simple Columnar Epithelium
- One layer of column like cells; Can be found in the inner lining of the digestive tract.
- Merocrine Glands
- These glands travel to the apical surface and produce secretion by excoctosis. The cells remain intact and are not damaged during the secretion process.
- Histology
- The study of tissue.
- Psuedostratified Epithelium
- Appears to be more than one layer of cells but is actually only one. To tell if a groups of cells are this type, follow the nuclei, if they are all lined up, that means they are _______.
- Simple Columnar
- Has two different forms; ciliated(covered with cilia) and non ciliated.
- Mesenchyme
- The first type of connective tissue to emerge in a developing embryo.
- Squamous Cells
- Thinned and Flat cells.
- Nonkeritinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
- Remain alive all the way to its apical (top) surface and they are kept moist with secretions of saliva and mucus. Found around the.lining of the oral cavity, esophagus, anus and vagina.
- Endocrine Glands
- Glands that lack ducts and secrete their products (mainly hormones) directly into the interstitial fluid and bloodstream.
- Smooth muscle Tissue
- muscle layer in the digestive tract.
- Epithelial Tissue
- Cellular, polar tissue with a high regeneration capacity; it covers or lines every body surface and all body cavities; thus is constitutes the majority of glands. Some characterics of this tissue are cellularity, polarity, attachment, avascularity, and innervation (detects changes).
- Stratified Squamous Epithelium
- Two or more layers of flat cells; Found on Epidermis of the skin.
- Serous Glands
- Glands that produce and secrete a nonviscous, watery fluid, such as sweat, milk, tears or digestive juices.
- Mixed Glands
- Glands that contain both serous and mucous cells, and produce a mixture of the two types of secretions.
- cardiac muscle tissue
- muscle layer in the heart.
- Connective Tissue
- The most abundant and widely distributed type of tissue. It supports, binds and protects organs. All ___________ tissue have 3 basic components; cells, protein fibers and ground substance.
- Simple Epithelium
- ONE thick cell layer.
- Simple Squamous Epithelium
- Single layer of thin, flat cells; purpose is rapid diffusion, filtration and secretion of serous membranes; usually located in air sacs in lungs(alveoli) and lining of heart chambers
- Basement Membrane
- aks basal surface is located at the bottom of the cell.
- Bone
- contains osteocytes.
- Keritinized Stratified Squamous
- the apical surface is composed of layers of cells that are dead. These cells lack nuclei. Found around the epidermis of the skin.
- Hyaline Cartilage
- Found in some joints.
- Connective Tissue
- Diverse types, all contain cells, protein fibers and ground substance; protects, binds together and supports organs; located on mesoderm layer of the skin.
- Dense irregular connective tissue
- found in dermis of the skin.
- Exocrine Glands
- Glands that usually maintain their contact with the epithelial surface by means of ducts. Their products are sweat and such.
- Ground Substance
- The site where both cells and protein fibers reside in regards to connective tissue. It primarily consists of protein and carb molecules and variable amounts of water.
- Tight Junctions
- aka accluding belt; circles the epithelial tissue along the apical (top) surface of each cell; attaches each to is neighbors in this place.
- Extracellular Matrix
- Ground Substance and protein fibers together form this.
- Lateral Surface
- Middle surface.
- Columnar Cells
- Slender and taller than they are wide; resemble columns.
- Connective Tissue Proper
- Contains fibroblasts which produce fibers.
- Cartilage
- contains chondrocytes.