Judaism
Terms
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- Mishnah
- commentary part of the Talmud.
- Covenant
- Promise that God made with Abraham, Noah and Jacob
- 13 Articles
- aka Thirteen principles of faith...written by Moses Maimonides
- Conservative Judaism
- combines the ideas of Reform and Orthodox Judaism...keeps traditions, but thinks laws should be re-interpreted.
- Circumcision
- done by a Mohel (a trained circumciser). he can now be named
- Yom Kippur
- Day of Atonement...Holiest day of the Jewish year. A fast day that marks the end of "the ten days of awe"
- Passover
- (pesach)...remembers the Exodus from Egypt
- Tallit
- A prayer-shawl worn by men which has tassels or fringes at the four corners.
- Orthodox Judaism
- Super-traditional Jews...they try to keep as close to the old traditions as posible.
- Reform Judaism
- Modern Judaism...younger Jewish people exploring the very edges of what it means to be Jewish
- synagogue
- place where Jews go to worship/meet/learn
- Kippah/Yarmulke
- Yamakah...(a hat or head covering for prayer)
- Halakha
- Jewish Law
- Haunukkah
- an 8-night festival that celebrates the rededication of the Temple after Greek defilement.
- Kabbalah
- Tradition of Jewish Mysticism
- Sephardic Judaism
- Developed in Spain with its synogogue rituals and its own spanish-jewish dialect, Ladino
- Expulsion from Spain in 1492
- When Chrisitan Spain attacked Jews, they either had to convert to Christ or leave...and many left and became missionaries.
- Tefilin/phylacteries
- prayer box strapped to his forehead
- Tanakh
- contains: written Torah and ethical teachings(commentaries) of the rabbis (oral torah.)
- Yiddish Judaism
- "ashkenazi"...Jews from Europe, mainly from Germany w/ dialect called Yiddish
- Purim
- Party celebration to celebrate Esther's avoiding of catastrophe
- Shabbat
- Jewish Sabbath which runs from friday evening to saturday evening
- Haggadah
- A moral or devotional teaching/prayer from the Mishnah.
- Exodus
- when the Jews left Egypt
- The Shoa (catastrophe)
- aka Holocaust...when the Nazis killed and creamated tons of Jews
- Moses Maimonides
- Jewish scholar and author of the Thirteen Principles of Faith.
- Exile in 586 BC
- Jews were exiled from Jerusalem by the Persians and taken captive to Babylon
- Bar/bat mitzvah
- ceremony indicating a jewish boy or girl's passage into adulthood. A party usually follows the ceremony.
- Talmud
- big book containing the Mishnah and Tanakh
- Destruction of the Second Temple
- Romans destroyed it after a Jewish revolt around 67 C.E.