Isolations
Terms
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- Virulence
- the capacity of a microorganism to cause disease
- Exogenous
- originating or produced outside the body
- Bacteriolgy
- the study and treatment of bacteria
- Enteric
- The transmission of disease is spread by the fecal-oral route, and primarily occurs by contamination of hands from the patients excretions or from objects that are contaminated with excretions. In this instance, gowns and gloves must be worn by persons having direct contact with excretions. EX: Salmonella, Shigella, parasitic infections, dysentery, campylobacter
- Sterile
- free of living organisms
- Viable
- living
- Occult Blood
- blood in such minute quantity, it can only be recognized by microscopic means
- AIDS
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- Blood Culture
- a bacteriological test performed on a blood sample to determine the presence of bacterial organisms in the blood
- Isolation
- confining a patient with an infectious disease to a designated area; or a pt with reduced or no immunity to infection, to a certain area
- Strict (Complete)
- This isolation is required for all patients with contagious disease. All erson entering the patients oom must wear a gown, gloves and mask. EX: Rabies, Smallpox, Plague, diptheria, streptococcal or staphylococcal pneumonia.
- Aerobe
- a microorganism that require oxygen to survive and multiply
- Toxin
- a poisonous substance elaborated by certain organisms, e.g., bacterial toxins
- Double Bggin Specimens
- All specimens returning to the lab such as tubes and slides must be placed in two bags and secured. Specimens that require double bagging include any patient whose blood could cause possible contamination the the tech handling the specimen. Therefore, patients in strict or blood and body fluid precautions MUST be double bagged
- Inoculate
- the artificial introduction of microorgansims into the body, or their introduction into culture medium
- Anaerobic
- a microorganism that survives and multiplies in the absene of oxygen
- Parisitology
- the study of parasites
- Microbe
- a minute, living organism
- Bacteria
- microscopic single celled organisms. Can be pathogenic or non-pathogenic
- Immune
- protected against disease
- Virology
- the study of viruses and viral diseases
- Microbiology
- the study of microscopic organisms
- Wound and Skin
- Organisms are only spread through diect contact with the infected site. Gloves and gown need to be worn only by prsons having contact with the infected site. EX: Tuberculosis, gangrene, herpes, surgical wounds
- Antibacterial
- destroying or suppressing the growth of bacteria
- Infection
- a pathological condition due tothe growth of microorganisms in a host
- Communicables
- pertaining to a disease whose causative agent is readily transferred from one person to another
- Nosocomial
- hospital acquired infections
- Respiratory
- The modes of transmission are respiratory tract to respiratory tract; and contact with respiratory secretions. A mask must be work by all persons entering the patients room. EX: Tuberculosis, Whooping Cough
- Salmonella
- bacteria causing intestinal disorders
- Endogenous
- originating or produced within the body
- Incubation
- Holding cultures of microorgansims under conditions especially temperature, favorable to their growth
- Susceptible
- an individual who is not immune to a particular disease
- Prrotective (Reverse)
- Bacteria and infections are not a threat to the persons in direct contact with the pation, but to the patient. These patients need to beprotected from the external environment. Therefore, all persons entering the room must wear a gown, gloves and mask. Always use clean equipment for obtaining the specimen. EX: burn patients, immunodeficiencies.
- Antimicrobial
- destroying or suppressing microorganisms
- Secretion/discharge
- The microorganisms causing these infections will be found in the secretions of the patient. Objects that come in contact with these discharges also become contaminated. Handwashing is the only precaution neccessary whn performing venipunctures or skin punctures on these patients.
- Transmission
- spread from one point to another
- Host
- an animal or plant which harbors or nourishes another organism
- Aseptic
- Free of microorganisms capable of causing infection or contamination
- Universal precautions
- The CDC is now recommending the use of universal blood and body fluid precautions when caring for ALL patients. This will minimize the risk of exposure or transmission of HIV infection and other blood-borne pathogens. The use of universal precautions does not negate the need at this time for all other isolation categories as identified in the CDC guidelines for Isolation Precautions in Hospitals.
- Sepsis
- the presence in the blood or other tissues of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins
- Carrier
- a person who is able to spread to others a disease with which he is infected, but of which he usully has no symptoms