Latin Case Uses
Terms
undefined, object
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- Ablative: means
- without preposition, expresses means/instrument, "with" may/may not be used with cum
- Ablative: manner
- manner something is done, cum required when noun not modified by adjective
- Ablative: personal agent
- person doing the action of a passive verb, preceeded by A or ab "by"
- Ablative: separation
- verbs that express/imply separation, usually occurs alone, but also w/ A(ab), E(ex), or dE
- Ablative: origen
- may/may not have prep, origen/descent of person/thing
- Ablative: place from which
- used w/ prep A, E, or dE, preps not used w/ names of towns, cities, small islands, and domus or rUs
- Ablative: accompaniment
- used with cum "with"
- Ablative: time when/ w/in which
- time when or within, prep ont usually used
- Ablative: respect (Specification)
- respect in which a statement is true, w/out prep
- Ablative: partitive
- ablative preceeded by E(ex) or dE, alternate to partitive gen when head noun is a cardinal number
- Ablative: absolute
- subject of construction is different from subject/object of main clause, functions as an adverb giving circumstances, all tenses of participle may occur, no participle used w/ sum instead it is implied
- Ablative: cause
- generally w/out prep
- Ablative: description
- noun modified by an adjective can describe or express a quality of another noun
- Dative: agent w/ passive periphrastic
- in periphrastic agency is expressed by dative, action of verb is necessary w/ reference
- Dative: possessor
- dative + sum, use context as guide
- Accusative: place to which
- used w/ prep ad, names of towns, cities, small islands and domus or rUs usually w/out prep
- Accusative: duration & extent
- usually w/out prep, expresses duration of time or extent of space, answers question "for how long"
- Dative: double dative
- two datives: one denotes purpose with reference to which the action occurs; the other denotes the person/thing with reference to which the action/idea is relevant
- Accusative: cause
- ob or proptor "on account of" followed by accusative
- Genitive: partitive
- expresses whole group on whih the head noun depends
- Genitive: descriptive
- noun modified by an adjective can describe or express a quality of another noun
- Genitive: predicate
- noun in the genitive which stands alone (or modified by an adj) in the prediacate denotes a characteristic or class