Medical 4-MS60-Interventions Noninflammatory Intestinal Disorders-Terms
Terms
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- irritable bowel syndrome?
- a chronic GI disorder characterized by recurrent diarrhea, constipation, and/or abdominal pain and bloating
- Manning criteria?
-
characteristic symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome:
-abdominal pain relieved by defecation or associated with changes in stool frequency or consistency
-abdominal distention
-the sensation of incomplete evacuation of stool
-the presence of mucus with stool passage - hernia?
- a weakness in the abdominal muscle wall through which a segment of the bowel or other abdominal structure protrudes
- indirect inguinal hernia?
- a sac formed from the peritoneum that contains a portion of the intestine or omentum
- direct inguinal hernia?
- hernia passing through a weak point in the abdominal wall
- femoral hernia?
- hernia protruding through the femoral ring
- umbilical hernia?
- hernia through congenital defect in muscle or defect acquired due to increased intra-abdominal pressure
- incisional (ventral) hernia?
- hernia through an inadequately healed surgical incision
- reducible hernia?
- hernia whose contents can be placed back into the abdominal cavity by gentle pressure
- irreducible hernia?
- hernia whose contents cannot be reduced or placed back into the abdominal cavity
- strangulated hernia?
- hernia whose blood supply is cut off by the muscle around the hernia
- truss?
- a pad made with firm material placed over a hernia to keep the abdominal contents from protruding into the hernial sac
- minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair (herniorrhaphy)?
- procedure to repair a hernia using a laparoscope
- hernioplasty?
- surgical reinforcement of the weakened outside muscle wall using a mesh patch
- adenocarcinoma?
- tumors arising from the glandular epithelial tissue of the colon
- familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)?
- an autosomal genetic disorder known to cause colorectal cancer
- hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer?
- an autosomal genetic disorder known to cause colorectal cancer
- carcinogen?
- cancer-causing substance
- hematochezia?
- passage of red blood via the rectum
- carcinoembryonic antigen?
- an oncofetal antigen which is present in elevated amounts in people with colorectal cancer
- Dukes' staging classification?
-
classification of colorectal tumors:
stage A- tumor has penetrated into but not through bowel wall
stage B- tumor has penetrated bowel wall
stage C- tumor has penetrated bowel wall and there is lymph node involvement
stage D- tumor has metastasized to any number of distant sites - myelosuppression?
- bone marrow suppression, causing a decrease in blood cells (pancytopenia)
- pancytopenia?
- decreased blood cells
- colon resection?
- removal of tumor and regional lymph nodes
- colectomy?
- colon removal
- abdominoperineal resection?
- removal of sigmoid colon, rectum, and anus through combined abdominal adn perineal incisions
- transanal approach?
- tumor removal without an abdominal incision
- anastomosis?
- reattachment
- stoma?
- surgical opening
- mechanical obstruction?
- bowel is physically obstructed
- nonmechanical obstruction?
- bowel is not physically obstructed but does not function normally due to a neuromuscular disturbance
- strangulated obstruction?
- obstruction with compromised blood flow
- intussusception?
- telescoping of a segment of the intestine within itself
- paralytic/adynamic ileus?
- nonmechanical obstruction caused by decreased peristalsis due to trauma or the effect of a toxin on autonomic intestinal control
- obstipation?
- no passage of stool
- borborygmi?
- high-pitched bowel sounds
- exploratory laparotomy?
- a surgical opening of the abdominal cavity to investigate the cause of a disorder
- Cullen's sign?
- ecchymosis around the umbilicus
- Turner's sign?
- ecchymosis on either flank
- Ballance's sign?
- resonance over the right flank during percussion with the client lying on the left side
- Kehr's sign?
- left shoulder pain resulting from diaphragmatic irritation
- polyps?
- small growths attached to the surface in the intestinal tract
- internal hemorrhoids?
- hemorrhoids lying above the anal sphincter
- external hemorrhoids?
- hemorrhoids lying below the anal sphincter
- hemorrhoidectomy?
- resection of the hemorrhoid
- malabsorption?
- generalized flattening of the mucosa of the small intestine which interferes with the ability to absorb nutrients