BRS: Neurotransmitters
Terms
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- primary NT from postganglionic sympathetic neurons? how is it degraded in the presynaptic terminal?
- NE; MAO and COMT
- biosynthetic pathway from tyrosine to epinephrine
- tyrosine - L dopa - dopamine - norepinephrine - epinephrine
- VMA (vanillymandelic acid): what is it and when is its urinary secretion increased?
- metabolite of NE; in pheochromocytoma
- what NT is made from NE via the enzyme phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase
- epinephrine
-
which NT is:
- prominent in midbrain
- released from hypothalamus to inhibit prolactin secretion
- metabolized by MAO and COMT - dopamine
- receptor which activates adenylate cyclase via Gs protein
- D1
- receptor which inhibits adenyate cyclase via Gi protein
- D2
- Parkinson's disease
- degeneration of dopaminergic neurons that use D2 receptors
- Schizophrenia
- involves increased levels of D2 receptors
-
NT which is:
- present in high conc. in brain stem
- made from tryptophan
- converted to melatonin in pineal gland - serotonin
-
NT which is
- made from histidine
- present in neurons of hypothalamus - histamine
- most prevalent excitatory NT in the brain; what receptor type does it have?
- glutamate; kainate receptor, which is an Na/K ion channel
- inhibitory NT made from glutamate by glutamate decarboxylase
- GABA
- receptor which is target of benzodiazepines and barbiturates; mxn of action?
- GABA(a) receptor; increases Cl- conductance at the site
- receptor to inhibitory NT which increases K+ conductance
- GABA(b)
- inhibitory NT found mostly in spinal cord and brain stem; mxn of action?
- glycine; increases Cl- conductance