Ch 23 Chemical Communication
Terms
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- 3 molecules for communication
-
Receptors
Ligands
Secondary Messengers - Receptors
- on surface of cells and partically embedded in membrane
- Ligands
-
binds to receptors
ex. hormones directly enter cell after it is received. - Secondary Messengers
- Signal inside cell and amplify message
- 4 types of drugs
-
antagonist
agonist
drugs that decrease [messengers]
drugs that inc [messengers] - antagonist drug
- blocks receptors
- agonist drug
- competes with messengers for receptor cite
- vessicles
- presynaptic bulbs that store and release neurotransmitters
- ednocrine glands
- secrete hormones
- main diff b/t neurotransmitters and hormones
- the distance they travel
- can be neurotransmitters or hormones
- ligands
- 5 classes of chemical messengers
-
cholinergic
amino acid
adrenic messengers
peptergic
steroid - cholinergic ligands
-
1. Ca2+ stimulates release of acetylchoine
2. acetylcholine travels synapse and bonds to receptor
3. binding to receptor causes conformation change and Na+ enters --> electricity! - two types of amino acid ligands
-
excitory neurotransmitters
inhibitory neurotransmitters - adrenic messengers
- absorbed by cell, signal amplified through cascade effect
- examples of adrenic messengers
-
dopamine
histamine - Peptergic messengers
-
peptides that are messengers
involved in metabolism - example of peptergic messenger
- insulin
- insulin
- allows glucose to enter cell by activating cyclic GMP to allow glucose to enter
- steroid messngers
- can enter cell through diffusion; no receptors
- Breast cancer
- too much estradiol