Cortex
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- Which are the I-III layers of the cortex?
- Layers I-III are supragranular. I is moleculare, II is external granular, III is external pyramidal.
- What are the supragranular layers concerned with?
- higher association functions
- What is layer IV of the cortex?
- Internal granular layer
- What fibers does the internal granular layer?
- thalamocortical fibers
- Which part of the cortex has a well developed Layer IV?
- primary sensory
- What are layers V-VI of the cortex?
- Infragranular
- What connections does layer V have?
- corticostriate, corticospinal, corticopontine, corticobulbar, corticorubral
- What connection does layer VI have?
- corticothalamic
- Where are pyramidal cells found?
- Layers II, III, IV
- What are giant pyramidal cells called?
- Betz
- What is the parietal lobe involved in?
- Somatosensory and intergration with visual and auditory
- What is the temporal lobe involved in?
- auditory, learning, memory
- What is the occipital lobe involved in?
- Visual
- What is the frontal lobe involved in?
- initiation and control of voluntary movement, language expressions, mood personality judgement
- What is the insular cortex involved in?
- taste
- What are the major inputs to the primary somatosensory cortex?
- from VPL and VPM
- Which layer is the most dense in the primary somatosensory cortex?
- layer IV
- Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located?
- Post-central gyrus of parietal lobe
- What is BA 40?
- secondary somatosensory
- Where is BA 40 located?
- behind 312, in the upper bank of the lateral sulcus
- What is BA 40 concenered with?
- some nociceptive stimuli
- What Broadman's areas are is the somatosensory association cortex?
- 5,7
- What are the afferents of the somatosensory assocation cortex?
- from 312 and 40
- Where is BA 17 located?
- Along bank of calcarine sulcus
- Which layer is prominent in BA 17?
- layer IV
- What is it called when the radiations from the lower retina loop over the temporal horn of the lateral ventrical?
- Meyer's Loop
- What are the afferents to the primary visual cortex?
- optic radiations from contralateral field of vision
- Where does the primary visual cortex project to?
- tectum and pretectum
- Which layer is prominent in BA 18 and 19?
- Large III
- What projects to BA 18, 19?
- LGN and pulvinar
- Where does BA 18,19 project to?
- superior colliculus
- What is BA 41?
- Primary auditory cortex
- Which layer is prominent in BA 41?
- Layer IV
- What are the inputs to BA 41?
- MGN and contralateral cochlea
- What is BA 42?
- Secondary auditory cortex
- What is BA 4?
- Primary motor cortex
- Which layer is prominent in BA 4?
- Layer V with Betz cells
- Where does the primary motor cortex project?
- to Cortico- spinal, bulbar, pontin, striate, thalami
- What is BA 6?
- premotor cortex
- Where does the primary motor cortex receive info?
- Ventral lateral thalamic
- Where does the premotor cortex project to?
- the primary cotex, SC,and BC
- Where do afferent to the premotor cortex begin?
- sensory association, ventral lateral nucleus
- What is the supplementary motor cortex responsible for?
- coordinating posture and bilateral movement
- What does the cingulum connect?
- parahippocampal gyrus, cingulate,medial frontal and parietal
- What does the inferior occipital fasciculus connect?
- frontal and occipital lobes
- What does the uncinate fasciculus connect?
- orbitofrontal gyrus with temp lobe
- What does superior occiptofrontal fasciculus connect?
- Frontal, parietal, occipital
- What does the superior longitudinal fasciculus connect?
- frontal, parietal, occipcital, and temporal
- What are the components of the anterior limb of the internal capsule?
- anterior thalamic radiations, frontopontine fibers
- What are the components of the genu of the internal capsule?
- Corticobulubar fibers
- What are the components of the posterior limb of the internal capsule?
- middle thalamic raiation, posterior thalamic radiation, corticospinal, retrolenticular, sublenticular
- Which layer does the cingulum, inf and sup occipitofrontal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus orginate?
- Layer II
- Which layer do the commissures arise from?
- Layer III
- What is the function of efferents from the primary visual cortex?
- visual tracking
- What happens when the primary visual cortex is lesioned?
- cortical blindness
- What happens when the secondary and tertiary cortices are lesioned?
- inability to recognize familiar objects
- What is it called when you can't recognize a face?
- prospagnosia
- Which eye field is responsible for saccadic eye movements?
- frontal eye fields
- What is the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex function?
- look away task
- What is blind sight?
- Even though BA17 is gone, some info gets thru to BA18,19 which allows pt to guess
- What happens to a pt with bilateral lesions to V4?
- Achromatopsia