Coordination
Terms
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- What is coordination?
- Harmonious interaction of MSs that allow for production of accurate controlled movement. It's characterized by smoothness, rhythm and appropriate speed.
- What must exist for coordination?
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Voluntary control of MS
and Postural tone for normal movement - What is incoordination?
- Consists of errors in rate, rhythm, direction and force in movement
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Define:
ATAXIA (ATAXIC GAIT) - reduced or absent swinging of arms; wide-base steps
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Define:
DYSMETRIA - Faulty distance between two points. Pt tends to over/undershoot when grabbing
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Define:
DYSSYNERGIA - Movements are jerky. Speech can also be jerky
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Define:
TREMOR (2 types) -
Involuntary shaking or trembling:
1) Intention-tremors occur when in action/during movement
2) Rest: tremors occur while at rest/no action - In what occurance is TREMORS most common?
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Upper Motor Neuron deficits
-Parkinson's disease: pt will shake in intention and in rest s/he will 'pill roll'
-MS -
Define:
NYSTAGMUS - incoordinated eye movement (up/down & side to side)
- What type of problems will patient have due to nystagmus (besides the obvious eye deficits)
- The patient will have problems with balance and coordination
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Define:
DYSARTHRIA - Faulty speech: pitch of voice (fluxuates); voice may tremor or slur
- In what occurance is DYSARTHRIA most common?
- Parkinson's disease
- Athetoid movements
- Slow, worm-like, arrhythmical movements
- What area of the body does athetoid movements occur
- Primarily affects the distal protions of the extremities.
- In what occurence is athetoid movements most common?
- CP
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Define:
Spasms - Sudden involuntary contractions
- In what occurence is spasms most common?
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SCI: legs go straight out
MS:
ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Lou Gehrig's disease -
Define:
Adiodochokinesia -
"not moving together"
inability to alternate movements rapidly - What is the COTA's role
- observes for errors of: rate, rhythm, range, direction, & force during functional activities