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ECM Chapter 13

Terms

undefined, object
copy deck
data
raw, unsummarized, and unanalyzed facts
information
date that is organized in a meaningful fashion
Four Factors that determine Usefulness of Information
Quality, Timeliness, Completeness, Relevance
quality
determined by accuracy and reliability
timeliness
information that is timely is available when it is needed for managerial action, not after the decision is made
real time information
frequently updated information that reflects current conditions
completeness
information that is complete gives managers all the info they need to exercise control, achieve coordination, or make an effective decision
relevance
information that is relevant is useful and suits a manager's particular needs and circumstances
information system
a system for acquiring, organizing, storing, manipulating, and transmitting information
management information system
an info system that managers plan and design to provide themselves with the specific info t hey need
information technology
the means by which info is acquired, organized, stored, manipulated, and transmitted
E Store Example Point?
Information Technology meeting the customers needs
Managers need information for three reasons:
1) to make effective decisions
2) to control the act. of an org.
3) to coordinate the act. of the org.
How Managers achieve control: (4 steps)
1) estab. measurable standards of perf, or goals
2) measure actual perf.
3) comp. act. perf. against est. goals
4)eval. result and correct
Communication
the sharing of info between two or more indiv. or groups to reach a common understanding
Cemex example point
using IT to maintain co. competitive advantage
Two phases of communication
transmission (info shared between 2), feedback, (common understanding assured)
sender
the person or group wishing to share information
message
the information that a sender wants to send
encoding
translating a message into understandable symbols or language
noise
anything that hampers any stage of the communication process
receiver
the person or group for which a message is intended
medium
the pathway through which an encoded message is transmitted to a reciever
decoding
interpreting and trying to make sense of a message
verbal communication
the encoding of messages intowords, either written or spoken
nonverbal communication
the encoding of messages by mean sof facial expressions, body language and styles of dress
information richness
the amoutn of info that a communication medium can carry and the extent to which the medium enables the sneder and reciever to reach a common understanding.
Three factors in chosing communication medium:
1) information richness level
2)time needed
3)need for a paper or electronic trail
management by wandering around
a face to face communication technique in which a manger walks arounda work area and talks informally with employees about issues and concerns
face to face communication
meeting in person, using body language etc, most high in info. richness
spoken communication electronically transmitted
(over the phone), 2nd highest in info rich., tone of voice helpful, quick feedback
Personally addressed written communication
3rd highest, because they are addressed personally, people will be more likely to read and pay attention to, letters, email,
Impersonal Written communication
lowest form of info rich, good for large number of recipiants, feedback unlikely,
information overload
a superabundance of info that increases the likelihood that importantinfo is is ignored or overlooked and tangential info. recieves attention
networking
the exchange of info through a group or network of interlinked computers
operating system software
software that tells computer hardware how to run
applications software
software designed for a specific task or use
artificial intelligence
behavior performed by a machien that would be called intelligent if performed by a human being
information distortion
changes in meaning that occur as info passes through a series of senders and receivers
transaction-processing system
a management information system designed to handle large volumes of routine, recurring transations
operations information system
a management info system that gatheres, organizes, and summarizes comprehensive data in a form that managerscanuse in their nonroutine coordinating, controlling and decision-making tasks
decision support system
an interactive computer based management info system with model building capability that managers can use when they must make nonroutine decisions
Judy Lewent Example Point?
developed a decision support system to evaluate all proposed RD investment decisions
expert system
a management information system that employs human knowledge captured in a computer to solve problems that ordinarily require human expertise.

Deck Info

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