Introduction to Networking
Terms
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- Applications
- Computer programs that make a user's computer do what the user needs done, such as writing a report or calculating a budget.
- backup
- Save extra copies of the files in a computer.
- client-based networks
- A further refinement to the concept of a server-based network that relieves the heavy burden on the network's capacity resulting form frequent server-performed transactions.
- collaboration
- The act of sharing information between coworkers so that they can discuss each other's work or possibly exchange opinions about what other users created.
- computer network
- Two or more computing devices that are connected in order to share the components of a network (the resources)and the information stored there.
- data
- A piece or pieces of information.
- dedicated server
- A computer that operates solely as a server.
- economies of scale
- Savings brought on by buying more similar items (such as computers) and obtaining a lower per-unit cost.
- An electronic means of communicating that is similar to mail but written using computer applications and sent over networks, usually over the Internet.
- format
- The act of combining or arranging characters in a standard order ofr some other specific manner such atht messages can be exchanged from sender to receiver.
- hierarchy of data
- A method of organizing information such that the most detailed information is found at the top and the more general, less secure information is located at the bottom. For instance, a single document is less important and should have fewer security measures placed upon it than a whole file full of related documents.
- local area network (LAN)
- A network that is contained within a relatively small area, such as a classrom, school, or single building.
- local computer
- The computer currently being operated by a user. This is a relative term - each computer user will consider their own computer to be the local computer.
- metropolitan area network (MAN)
- A network that spans the distances involved in a typical metropolitan city.
- network
- Two or more entities sharing resources and information.
- operating system
- Collections of software programs that provide a computer with basic functionality, such as the user interface, management of hardware and software, and ways of creating, managing, and using files.
- peer-to-peer system
- A type of networking that is not centrally administered, where all computers are considered equals, and where each computer can act as a file or print server to its peers.
- peripherals
- A very broad term, most often used to refer to nonessential add-on computer components, such as printers, scanners, and speakers, to expand the computer's use.
- programs
- Organized sets of computer instructions.
- server
- In the general sense, an entity that provides customers, or clients, access to resources. More specifically, a computer that plays one or more of several important roles in a network. In all of these roles, it provides services to other computers (which act as clients).
- server-based network
- A type of network that offers centralized control and is designed for secure operations.
- shares
- As a noun, these are the shared resources users control on their computers, such as document folders, printers, and peripherals. As a verb, it means to make a resource, such as a document foler or printer, available on the network.
- sneakernet
- The process of sharing information by actually walking it to another computer.
- software
- A set of instructions that controls the operations of a computer.
- standalone computer
- A computer that is operated independently of other computers.
- total cost of owndership (TCO)
- The full amount spent on a particular component over that equipment's usable lifetime, including initial purchase cost of all related costs for maintaining the component and supporting the use of the component.
- wide area network (WAN)
- A network that spans a larger area that a typical metropolitan city.
- workstation
- A computer used as a location to accomplish work.