edpy442 ch2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
-
paraprofessional
aka. generalist human service workers -
=some formal training but work in a team
ex. youth counsellors - qualities necessary to become effective counsellor
-
a. core personality
b. education
c. theory and systems
d. active in counseling-related activities - advocacy thru political process
- =influence passage of laws when conditions adversely affect clients or profession of counselling
- 5 axes of DSM
-
axis 1- clinical
axis 2- personality
axis 3- general medical
axis 4- enviro. problems
axis 5- global assessment
*scale 1-100: higher # better level of functioning - medical/pathological model
- =base treatment plans in accordance with DSM
- why would a counsellor need to master codes of DSM
-
a. universilly used for common diagnosis btwn mental health workers
b. helps to recognize patterns
c. accountability, records - DSM-IV
- =400 different categorical classifications of defined disorders
- social workers
- =masters of social work
- +ves DSM
-
-info related to multicultural issues
-logically organized
-good network of trees - -ves of DSM
-
-atheoretical
-individual diagnosis
- effectiveness of a counsellor
-
a. personality and background
b. formal education
c. theory and systems of counsellor
d. counsellor as continuing education, supervision and advocacy - why counsellors need continuing education
- =new ideas and treatment are evolving
- cornerstone of the developmental/wellness approach
- =emphasis on prevention and education
- dysfunctional motivators for becoming a counsellor
-
a. emotional distress= unresolved personal trauma
b. vicarious coping= live life thru others
c. loneliness and isolation=
seek friends thru counselling
d. desire for power= fear and need for control
e. need for love= think solve problems thru love
f. vicarious rebellion= unresolved anger and act thru clients - characteristics of effective counsellor
-
a. stability
b. harmony
c. constancy
d. purposefullness
e. sensitivity - nonprofessional helpers
-
=no specific education required
ex. untrained volunteers - effective counsellor
-
a. curiosity
b. listen
c. comfort w/ conversation
d. empathy and understanding
e. emotional insight
f. introspection
g. capacity for self-denial
h. tolerance of intimacy
i. comfort with power
j. ability to laugh - wounded healer
- =ability to work from a perspective of resolved emotional experience that has sensitized a person to self and others in a helpful way
- 3 levels of helping relationships
-
a. nonprofessional
b. paraprofessional
c. professional - synchronicity
- =two simultaneous events that occur coincidentally and result in a meaningful connection
- ways to avoid burnout
-
EXAMPLES:
-associate with healthy others
-stress reduction
-free time
- burnout
- =state of becoming emotionally or physically drained to the extent one can't perform meaningfully
- strategies counselors use to cope with crisis situations
-
a. objectivity
b. accept and confront
c. assert their own wishes
d. live wellness lifestyle
e. grieving - microskills training
- =training in human relations skills common to all theories of helping
- how to decide which theory to use
- =based on ed. background, philosophy, and needs of client
- professional
-
=educated to provide assistance at a preventative and remedial level
ex. psychologists - psychiatrists
- =medical degree, prescribe meds, biopsychological approach
- theory
- =model that acts as a guide to hypothesize solutions to problems
- 3 professional specialties
-
a. psychiatrists
b. psychologists
c. social workers - psychologists
- =doctorate in philosophy, education or psychology
- advocacy
- =promoting an idea or cause thru public relations involving networking and education
- system
- =unified and organized set of ideas, principles, and behaviors
- what happens if a counsellor operates without a theoretical basis?
- =operate in trial and error manner and risk of being ineffective and harmful
- 5 requirements of a good theory
-
a. clear
b. comprehensive
c. explicit
d. specific to desired outcomes
e. useful to practitioners - theoretical purity
- =allegience to and practice of one theory (infancy counselling)
- eclectic counseling
- =use various theories and techniques to match client's needs
- traditional eclectism
- =orderly combination of compatible features from diverse sources into a whole
- peer supervision
- =supervision amoung equals
- style-shift counselling
- =as needs change, counselors depart from a theory they are using to another approach
- syncretism
- =sloppy, unsystematic process of putting unrelated clinical concepts together
- hierarchy of eclectic practices
-
1. syncretism
2. traditional
3. theoretical integrationism
4. technical eclecticism - wellness
- =the positive nature and health of human beings
- reflective team model
- =group supervision
- technical eclectism
-
(LAZARUS)
=techniques, not theories, are used to treat clients - supervision
- =interactive and evaluative process in which someone with more proficiency oversees one with less knowledge to enhance their professional functioning
-
solution focused theory
aka. stress inoculation training (SIT) - =an example of a counselling approach based on the wellness model
- theoretical integrationism
- =counsellors master at least two theories before trying to make any combinations
- developmental counseling and therapy (DCT)
- =address the sequence and process of development as it occurs in the natural language of the interview
- developmental/wellness approach
- =based on stages that various personality theorists have outlined that people go through as a normal part of human growth
- 2 systems of counselling
-
a. developmental/wellness approach
b. medical/pathological approach