Biology Vocab Ch.5
Terms
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- Cell
- Basic Unit of Structure and function in living things
- Cell Theory
- Understanding that all living things are composed of cells
- Cell Membrane
- Cell Structure that regulates the passage of materials between the cell and it's environment; Aids in protection & support of cell
- Cell Wall
- (Plants) Cell Structure that surrounds the cell membrane for protection and support.
- Nucleus
- Organelle that controls the cell's activities and contains DNA
- Eukaroyte
- cells that have a nucleus
- Prokaryote
- cells that do not contain a nucleus
- Nuclear Envelope
- membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a cell
- nucleolus
- cell structure that contains RNA and proteins
- Chromosome
- Threadlike structure in a cell that contains the genetic information
- Cytoplasm
- Area between the nucleus & cell membrane of a cell
- Organelle
- cell structure that performs a specialized function within the cell
- Mitochondrion
- Changes Chemical energy from food into compounds used by the cell
- Chloroplast
- Converts sunlight into chemical energy in plants
- Ribosome
- Proteins are made here
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Complex network, transports materials throughout the inside of a cell
- Golgi Apparatus
- modifies, collects, packages, and distributes molecules made at one location and used at another
- Lysosome
- contains digestive enzymes to digest certain materials in the cell "Clean up crew"
- Vacuole
- Stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbs
- Plastid
- (Plants) storage of food & pigments
- Cytoskeleton
- Framework of cell. Supports cell structure
- Diffusion
- Process by which molecules of a substance move from an area of higher concentration to areas of low concentration
- Selectively Permeable
- Allows some substances to pass through but not others
- Osmosis
- Diffusion of water. Moves from area of higher concentration to area of lower water concentration
- Facilitater Diffusion
- Diffusion of materials across a cell membrane assisted by carrier molecules
- Active transport
- Energy requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against concentration difference
- Cell Specialization
- Certain cells uniquely suited to perform a particular function within an organism
- Tissue
- (2nd) Group of cells that perform a particular function
- Organ
- (3rd) Group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
- Organ System
- (4th) Group of organs that work together to perform a particular function