Biology Vocab- Cells
Terms
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- Controls most cellular activities; contains DNA
- Nucleus
- Strands of DNA which contain the genetic code of the cell
- Chromosomes
- Dark, round structure in the nucleus which produces ribosomes
- Nucleolus
- A structure which surrounds the cytoplasm and allows necessary materials to enter and leave the cell
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Cell Membrane
(Plasma Membrane) - Found mainly in plant cells; composed of cellulose; protects and supports plant cells
- Cell Wall
- all the gell-like material that fills the cell in which the organelles are suspended
- Cytoplasm
- a group of folded membranes which form a network for conducting materials throughout the cell; the ER attaches to the nuclear membrane and cell membrane and transports proteins
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- located on the ER and in cytoplasm; produce proteins
- Ribosomes
- packages and transports proteins and lipids from the ER and transports them to the cell membrane and other cell organelles
- Golgi Apparatus
- round organelles which contain protein-digesting enzymes; they digest worn out cell parts, food particles, bacteria, and viruses
- lysosomes
- store food, water, and wastes
- vacuoles
- "powerhouses of the cell," structures in which food molecules are broken down to release energy
- mitochondria
- some are storehouses and others are chemical factories
- Plastids
- chemical factories in plant cells which produce food
- chloroplasts
- plastids which store starch
- leucoplasts
- thin, hollow cylinders made of proteins, help make up the cytoskeleton
- microtubules
- thin, solid protein fibers, help make up the cytoskeleton
- microfilaments
- function in cell reproduction
- centrioles
- a group of cells which function together
- tissue
- groups of two or more tissues that function together
- organ
- a group of organs working together
- organ system