First Examination

Start Studying!

Terms

undefined, object

copy deck

The study of the relationship between the individual and the rules and patterns which constitute society. However, those who study this emphacize that the majority of the activitys people engage and encounter in others on a day-to-day basis constitutes a: Social Psychology
A pillar of modern western thought. This perspective states that society concists of two or more individuals exchanging resources that have some value to each other: Utilitarianism
A school of thought generally associated with B.F. Skinner, who assumed the way we act to be hedonistic. In other words, humans and other animals seek pleasure and avoid punishment.: Behaviorism
A term quoted by W.I Thomas, which states that if we see something as real or truthful then that is how it will appear. Ex. If a person was to see a different race other than his/her own as being "deviant" then their reactions will: Definition of the situation
These types of communities create and affirm systems of thought, known as theoretical paradigms, that shape what we can know and how we can know it.: Scientific Communities
This is a pervasive perspective of modern Western culture.: Rational individualism
This is the tendency to assume individual responsibility over social forces: Fundamental attribution error
The self-consensus bias (i.e. information processing bias): Psycologism
This means to treat an abstract concept as if it were real, independent of human activity. Ex. people tend to think of "IQ" as a real thing that exists inside our brains and shapes our intelligence, eventhough it is vise-versa.: Reification
The act of degrading people with respect to their best qualities; "science has been blamed for the this of modern life": Dehumanization
In contrast to Herbert Blumer and others associated with the ________, Kuhn sought to develop a set of theoretical generalizations derived from the thought of the interactionist founders but rigorously tested through standard methods of empirical researc: Chicago School of Sociology
___________has a rich intellectual history. It emerged out of the philosophical tradition of pragmatism, which itself drew on a variety of philosophies. In formulating their own philosophical approach, the pragmatists challenged the assump: Symbolic interactionism
For Mead,_______ does not refer to an inner psychic world separated from society but rather describes a behavioral process consisting of self-interaction and reflection based on social symbols.: Mind
In developing his theory of mind, along with his analyses of society and selfhood, Mead emphasized a second key theme known as_______. By proposing that all of the key elements of human behaviorÂ—consciousness, activity, interaction, role taking, selfhoo: Process
A third theme that Mead accentuated in his theory was______, or free will. MeadÂ’s image of human beings differed sharply from those held by the instinctivist and behaviorist social psychologies that prevailed at the time. Mead saw people as active and c: Agency
These types of methods include: in-depth interviews, life histories, personal document analysis, and, ideally, participant observation (or ethnography).: Qualitative Research Methods
Methods such as: lab experiments, survey questionnaires, structured interviews, or computer simulations. By following these procedures, social psychological researchers can develop a sophisticated or comprehensive understanding: Quantitative Research Methods
This understanding is typically presented in written formas an ethnographic text, or a detailed description of the patterns of meaning and action that characterize a particular group or social world. Ideally, this ethnographic description dra: Inductive Reasoning
Kuhn sought to develop a set of theoretical generalizations derived from the thought of the interactionist founders but rigorously tested through standard methods of empirical research, including experimental and survey research. Wha: Deductive Reasoning
This means that things are what they seem. However, we do not always see life that way but most of the time we do: Objective
Within soc iology, phenomenologists have focused attention the_______viewpoints of individuals and the forms of consciousness or knowledge they take for granted in their social lives.: Subjective
The qualitative methodology used by most symbolic interactionists. When using it, researchers focus on peopleÂ’s behavior in natural social settings and rely on informal and unobtrusive techniques to gain firsthand understanding of this behavior.: Naturalistic Inquiry
A research method in which investigator systematically but unobtrusively observes a group or setting while joining participants in their routine activities. Some analysts use the terms participant observation and this method interchangeably.: Ethnography
A social psychological perspective that focuses on the methods we use to create and maintain a sense of order and structure in our everyday interactions. These people also consider how we produce meaning and construct interpretations of social: Ethnomethodology
A practice, custom, or belief shared by the members of a group as part of their common culture. Often used in the plural.: Folkways
A social psychological perspective, that studies human behavior and social interaction in terms of the analogy of the theater. This perspective is closely related to symbolic interactionism. Drawing on the groundbreaking ideas of Erving Goffman, these ty: Dramaturgical Theory
Goffman referred to the location for this preparation as a________ because like the actor putting on makeup and a costume, it was the region where the individual prepared for the public performance.: Backstage
This is the idea by Goffman that people act differently in public to sway the impressions viewed by others.: Front Stage
The dramaturgical approach developed out of the insights that Erving Goffman provided in his book:__________in everyday life. Goffman believed that we could better understand how people play roles and construct social structure if we thought of them as a: The Presentation of Self
GoffmanÂ’s original analysis, his basic premise that we try to achieve this. In his study he has confirmed that others have of us has remained accurateÂ—nowhere more so than in the early phases of romantic relationships. What phrase best fits: Goals of impression management
Whenever we orient ourselves to others and their actions, regardless of whether we are trying to hurt them, help them, convert them, or destroy them, we are engaging in a social act. In doing so we may be acting as individuals or as represent: Aligning Actions
A social psychological perspective that assumes we are motivated by a desire to maximize rewards and minimize costs. Guided by this desire, we will choose to engage in those behaviors and relationships that lead to the greatest personal profit (rewa: Exchange Theory
A social psychological perspective that claims we can best understand human behavior by concentrating on how we structure and process information from the environment. According to this perspective, we process information throug: Social Cognition Theory
This term is used to note how we, as a society, tend to view our cultural norms as a standard for all cultures world-wide to act. Although we are aware that other cultres do not share values with us, we become disoriented: Ethnocentrism
A hypothesis holding that the structure of a language affects the perceptions of reality of its speakers and thus influences their thought patterns and worldviews.: Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
An object, gesture, or word that we use to represent, or take place of, something else.: Symbols
We understand our sensory experiences through grouping them into units or concepts, based on their similarites. What phrase notes this?: Process of categorization
Research that is open and observable.: Overt Research
Research not openly practiced, avowed, engaged in, accumulated, or shown.: Covert Research
This man set up a study (in 1962) for the purpose to see what extents people would be obidient. The results were disturbing to him being that: eventhough they did not enjoy it, 65% of all "teachers" were willing to obey the experimenter's instr: Stanley Milgram
This is something we do because of our constant exposure to this, so to speak. Where it defines how we attach a symbol of some sort (letters, types of people, etc) to a type of meaning so to speak.: Naming/Labeling
This permeates our mental representations and channels our thoughts. Therefore, it is what holds true to what you might say is the "simplest" or "the most natural" model of whatever situation is under discussion.: Default Assumptions
Position or rank in relation to others. There for the individual's relative rank in a hierarchy of prestige: Social Status
A mental category that locates us in relation to others, highlighting how we are similar to and different from these others. This can concist of a single characteristic of a cluster of traits and statuses.: Social Identity
A position that is so central to the identity of the individual that it overshadows all other statuses. Ex. top level execuatives or black belts in Karate: Master status
A mental image that attributes a common set of characteristics to members of a particular group.: Stereotype
A mental image, or schema, we use to represent a typical set of features that exemplify an object or person.: Prototype
A set of beliefs or preconceptions that organizes the information we gather about a specific object, person, or concept. Therefore, it allows us to simplify reality by interpreting specific instances in light of general categories.: Schema
This is an assumption or prediction that, purely as a result of having been made, causes the expexted or predicted event to occur and thus confirms its own "accuracy.": Self-fufilling prophecy
Words such as "Actor or Actress", "a lady driver" or in the movie Terminator 3 rise of the machines the TX was commonly referred to as the terminatrix. These examples represent?: Sexism in Language
An ongoing process of interation through which we develop identities and acquire culture.: Socialization
The individual's awareness of being a distinct social identity, a person separate from others. Human beings are not born with this type of consciousness, but acquire an awareness of it as a result of early socialization.: Self
The notion that the self reflects the responces of others. More specifically, the self develops through a three-step process: (1) imaging one's appearance in the eyes of others, (2) imaging their judgement of that appearance, and (3) internalizing their: Looking-Glass Self
From Mead's notion of self, what appears in the immediate experience of one's self in taking that attitude is what we term.: Me
The __ is the responce of the individual to the attitude of the community as this appears in his own experience.: I
The phase of socialization in which we learn to take the role of a network of others, or the "generalized other." In doing so we learn to look at ourselves and our behavior from the standpoint of a # of other spectives or roles. We: Game Stage
The phase of socialization in which we learn to take the role of specific others, such as parents, teachers, or superheroes, by playing at these roles.: Play Stage
The process of assuming the perspective of others, or putting ourselves in their position.: Role Taking
The perspective and expectiations of a network of others or the community as a whole. This is reflected in the social standards we internalize and subsequently use to evaluate our own behavior. For some symbolic interactionists, this can also: Generalized Other
A person who is important to one's well-being; especially : a spouse or one in a similar relationship: Significant other
A strongly held image of self as male or female: Gender Identity
The process by which we learn the ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that our group defines as appropriate for males and females.: Gender Socialization
Interaction that goes across gender boundaries but, rather than challenging of transcending these boundaries, reflects and even stregthens them.: Borderwork
This is the process by which we learn to become mature, responsible members of their society. This learning takes place through core social institutions, most particularly the family.: Preperatory Stage
The awareness of being watched "So to speak": Hawthorne Effect
Harold Garfinkel sugessted that: Norm Violation Social Responce Are three elements of?: Social Deviance
What was the theme song in the film Guess Who's Comming to Dinner?: Glory of Love

Start Studying!

Deck Info

Number of cards 67