terminology
Terms
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- Abdominal
- pertaining to the abdomen
- Abdominal cavity
- the superior part of the abdominalpelvic cavity (stomach,spleen,liver,gallbaladder,pancreas, and portions of the small intestine and colon)
- Abdominal region
- part of the anterior side
- abdominopelvic cavity
- ...
- adipose
- ...
- anatomical position
- used when describing the positions, and relationships of the structure in the human body. standing erect with arms 2 the side of the body, palms facing forward, and eyes looking straight
- anterior
- toward the front or belly-side of the body
- apex
- tip or summit of an organ
- base
- bottom or lower part of an organ
- blood
- transports oxygen, protects against pothegens, controls bleeding
- body
- the sum of all systems,organs,tissues, and cells found in it
- bone
- provides structural support for the whole body
- brachial
- arms
- brachical region
- upper extremities (arms)
- brain
- sends imformation to the body through electrical impulses
- cardiac region
- ...
- cardiology
- study of the heart
- cardiovascular system
- ...
- cartilage
- Shock absorber in joints
- caudal
- pertaining to the tail
- cell
- come together to form tissues
- cell membrane
- it is the outer most boundary of the cell
- cephalic
- pertaining to the head
- cephalic region
- the entire head
- cervical
- pertaining to the neck
- cervial region
- the neck
- connective tissue
- tendons
- coronal plane
- divides the body into front and back portions
- coronal section
- cut along the frontal plane, view of the inside of the body
- cranial
- pertaining to the skull
- cranial cavity
- part of the dorsal cavity-brain
- cross-section
- described internal views of the stucture, produced by a slice perpendicular to the long axis of the structure
- crural
- pertaining to the leg
- crural region
- lower extremities-legs
- cytology
- study of cells
- cytoplasm
- material between the cell membrane and the nucleus
- deep
- large in quantity or size
- dermatology
- study of skin
- diaphragm
- muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and aids in respiration by moving up and down
- digestive system
- ingests,digests,and absorbs nutrients for the body
- distal
- pertaining to away
- dorsal
- pertaining to the back of the body
- dorsum
- the posterior part of a human (or animal) body from the neck to the end of the spine
- endocrine system
- regulates metabolic activities of the body
- endocrinology
- study of hormones
- epigastric
- ...
- epithelial
- pertaining to the epithelium
- epithelial tissue
- tissue that covers the surface of the body and lines internal organs
- epithelium
- founds throughout the body and is conmposed of close-packed cells that form covering for or lining of the body structure
- female reproductive system
- produces eggs for reproduction and providing a place for growing baby
- frontal plane
- divides body into front and back portions, runs side to side
- frontal section
- ...
- gastrointestinal system
- same as digestive (ingests,digests, and absorbs nutirents for the body)
- gastroenterology
- study of stomach and intestines
- gluteal
- pertaining to the buttocks
- gluteal region
- posterior side consisting of dorsum lower extremities (buttocks)
- gynecology
- study of female reproductive system
- hematic system
- blood system
- hematology
- the study of blood
- histology
- The study of tissue
- horizontal plane
- crosswise plane that runs parallel to the ground
- hypogastric
- Pertaining to below the stomach.
- immunology
- study of the immune system
- inferior
- towards the feet or tail,or below another structure
- integumentary system
- the organ system that forms a protective covering on the outside of the body
- lateral
- refers to the side
- left hypochondriac
- left lateral region of the upper row beneath the lower ribs
- left iliac
- left lateral region of the lower row at the groin
- left lower quadrant
- contains small intestines and colon,left ovary and fallopian tube, and left ureter
- left lumbar
- left lateral region of the middle row at the waist
- left upper quadrant
- contains small portion of the liver,spleen,stomach,majority of the pancreas,left kidney,small intestine, and colon
- longitudinal section
- described the internal view of the structure, a lengthwise cut along the long axis
- lower extremities
- the hips, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet
- lymphatic system
- a network of veinlike vessels that returns the fluid that leaks out of blood vessels to the bloodstream
- male reproductive system
- main function is to produce and deliver sperm
- medial
- pertaining to the middle
- median plane
- the middle or near the middle of the body
- mediastinum
- central area within the thoracic cavity (between the lungs)
- muscle fibers
- The bundles of muscle tissue that form a muscle.
- muscle tissue
- A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.
- muscular
- pertaining to muscles
- musculoskeletal system
- BONES, JOINTS, AND MUSCLES
- nephrology
- study of the kidneys
- nerves
- bundles of neurons
- nervous system
- recieves sensory information and coordinates the bodys response
- nervous tissue
- tissue composed of neurons
- neural
- pertaining to nerves
- neurology
- Study of the nervous system
- neurons
- cell that carries messages throughout the nervous system
- neurosurgery
- Operating on the nervous system
- nucleus
- control center of the cell
- obstetrics
- PERTAINING TO PREGNANCY, LABOR AND DELIVERY
- ophthalmology
- study of the eyes
- organic
- pertaining to organs
- organs
- structures that carry out specialized jobs within an organ system
- orthopedic surgery
- surgery of musculoskeletal system
- orthopedics
- Branch of medicine dealing with the muscular and skeletal systems and their problems
- otorhinolaryngology
- THE STUDY OF THE EAR, NOSE AND THROAT
- parietal layer
- ...
- parietal peritoneum
- outer layer of the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
- parietal pleura
- LINES THE THORACIC CAVITY
- peritoneal
- pertaining to the peritoneum
- peritoneum
- Double-layered membrane surrounding the abdominal organs
- pleura
- membrane surrounding the lungs
- pleural
- pertaining to the pleura
- pleural cavity
- containing lungs and pericardial cavitiy
- posterior
- pertaining to the back
- proctology
- study of the rectum and anus
- prone
- lying face downward
- proximal
- pertaining to near
- pubic
- genital region
- pubic region
- where the reproductive organs are located
- pulmonology
- study of the lungs
- respiratory system
- takes in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide
- right hypochondriac
- right lateral rigion of upper row beneath the lower ribs
- right iliac
- right lateral region of the lower row at the groin
- right lower quadrant
- contains small intestines and colon, right ovary and fallopian tube, appendix and right ureter
- right lumbar
- right lateral region of the middle row at the waist
- right upper quadrant
- contains majority of the liver,gallbladder,small portion of the pancreas,right kidney,small intestine, and colon
- sagittal plane
- vertical plane that runs along lengthwise from front to back and divides body or part into right or left portions
- sagittal section
- cut made along a longitudinal plane dividing the body into right and left parts
- skeletal muscle
- a muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the force that moves the bones
- smooth muscle
- Muscle tissue found in the walls of hollow organs, e.g., blood vessels, the digestive tract, the uterus, etc. Smooth muscle is non-striated, uninucleate, and under involuntary control (controlled by the autonomic nervous system).
- somatic
- pertaining to the body
- special senses
- ...
- spinal
- pertaining to the spine
- spinal cavity
- containing the spinal cord
- superficial
- on or near the surface
- superior
- toward the head
- supine
- lying face upward
- systemic
- pertaining to systems
- tendons
- connect muscle to bone
- thoracic
- pertaining to the chest
- thoracic cavity
- contains the lungs
- thoracic region
- chest
- thoracic surgery
- surgery of the chest cavity
- tissues
- formed when cells are grouped and function together to perform specific activites
- transverse plane
- crosswise plane that runs parallel to the ground
- transverse section
- made along a horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts (cross section)
- trunk
- ...
- umbilical
- pertaining to the navel
- upper extremities
- the shoulders, arms, forearms, wrists, and hands
- urinary system
- removes waste products from blood and maintains water balance within body
- urology
- Study of the urinary tract
- ventral
- pertaining to the belly side
- vertebral
- pertaining to the vertebrae
- vertebral region
- spine
- viscera
- internal organs
- visceral layer
- which is the layer that covers and attaches to the organs inside of the cavity.
- visceral peritoneum
- ...
- visceral pleura
- inner layer of pleura that surrounds each lung