China Terms
Terms
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- Confucianism
- philosophy, ensure social order and stable government
- Genghis Khan
- powerful chieftain, united warring tribes; believed in toleration and justice, respected all religions
- Meritocracy
- system based on ability and skill, NOT family or wealth
- Qing Dynasty
- Manchu dynasty; very fair to chinese; population boom partially caused by new high crop output; China's last dynasty
- Five Relationships
- ruler/subject, parent/child, husband/wife, olderBrother/ youngerBrother, friend/friend (equal).
- Yin Yang
- the representations of balance and harmony, symbol of Taoists; YIN=feminine, dark, cold, negativity YANG=masculine, light, heat, motivation
- Zheng He
- Chinese admiral and diplomat, sailed to and set up trade centers there, goal was to promote trade and collect tribute to China
- Daoism
- live in harmony with nature, government is unnatural
- Han Dynasty
- golden age of China
- Kublai Khan
- G.K.'s grandson, conquered last Song emperor in 1279; tried to prevent the absorption into Chinese culture
- Warring States Period
- feudal territories, chaotic, time of Confucius.
- Dynastic Cycle
- rise and fall of dynasties, determined by Mandate of Heaven.
- Confucius
- founder and scholar (551-479 BCE).
- Legalism
- order is achieved through strict laws and harsh punishment
- Pax Mongolica
- Mongol Peace, rulers established peace within domains
- Ancestor Worship
- filial piety, the respect for elders and tradition.
- Analects
- students' collection of his teachings (not written by Confucius)
- Dynasty
- Family that rules for period of time.
- Dao De Jing
- a book of how to live your life following Dao (the way/path)
- Civil Service System
- government officials, won by merit
- Grand Canal
- connected Huang and Chang Rivers (for internal trade and transportation; BUILT in Sui Dynasty, PEAK in Song
- Forbidden City
- walled complex of special intricate buildings in Beijing including Imperial Palace; promote harmony and preservation; closed to common people; based on Confucius
- Ming Dynasty
- "Brilliant", 1294-1600s; less innovative, but flourishing economy and culture
- Great Wall of China
- connected feudal states walls and more, did not keep invaders out, but showed emperor's authority and power
- Shi Huangdi
- first emperor, brutal methods, established Qin Dynasty
- Filial Piety
- respect for elders,they take care of you/you take care of them
- Silk Road
- huge network of trade routes, linked to west
- Laozi
- founder, writer of Dao De Jing; we don't know if he was real..
- Mandate of Heaven
- the divine right to rule (given to them by gods).
- Manchus (Manchuria)
- northern people invaded China in 1600s and established Qing dynasty, lasted until 1912
- Mongols
- central-Asian nomadic people who invaded China and conquered from Pacific Ocean to eastern Europe
- Bureaucracy
- government with different functions and levels of authority