Micro Review
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Name the proteins in HPV, and their functions
-
E1, E2, E6, E7
E1 and E2 complex to initiate repliction
E6: degrades p53
E7: binds to Rb, which releases E2F --> cellular replication - What does E7 bind to?
- Rb and inactivates it --> release of E2F --> replication
- Tat
-
AIDS:
transcriptional activator of viral genome - Rev
- moves gag, pol, and env out of the nucleus
- Vif
- helps with core packing
- Nef
- MHC downregulation, CD4 downregulation
- Vpr
-
cell cycle arrest
helps in infecting other cells --> nuclear translocation of pre-integration complex - Vpu
- helps virus release
- LTR
- Helps with HIV integration into genome
- AIDS eye complication
- CMV retinitis
- 4 targets of HIV drug
-
viral entry
reverse transcription
integration
proteolytic maturation - reverse transcriptase inhibitors
-
nucleoside analogs (AZT, 3TC)
nonnucleoside inhibitors (Nevirapine) - Protease inhibitors (HIV)(
-
Indinavir
REtonavir
all bind to same site on viral protease - HIV malignancies
-
1. Kaposi Sarcoma
2. B cell lymphoma (Burkett's lymphoma from EBV) - Impetigo
-
â—superficial skin infection vesicles and pustules weeping, crusting lesions on face.
â—Organisms: S. pyogenes > S. aureus
â—Tx topical management, penicillin - Erysipelas
-
â— epidermal and dermal, involving deeper tissues, lymphedema.
â— Dx - often facial in malar distribution, erythema, warmth, edema - advances rapidly
â— Tx penicillin - Folliculitis
-
â— localized pyogenic infection at the base of hair follicles
â— S. aureus, pseudomonas - Cellulitis
-
â— infection of skin and subcutaneous tissues
â— Organisms: Group A strep commonly, S. Aureus if open wound
â— accompanied by systemic sx's of chills, fever, tachycardia
â— Tx nafacillin or oxacillin - Carbuncle
-
â— abscess of the skin when several follicular infections coalesce
â— Organisms: commonly S. aureus
â— Tx drainage, topical Abx, oral if severe - Abcesses
-
â—caused by implantation of bacteria through breaks in the skin
â—Organisms: often S. Aureus, some anaerobes
â—Sx: fluctuant soft tissue swelling, surrounded by erythema
â—Tx incision, drainage, and gauze packing. Abx only of immunocompromised or in signs of systemic infections. - Gangrene
-
â—tissue necrosis, secondary to lack of circulation
- skin becomes black and wrinkled (dry)
- if bacterial superinfection occurs, tissue oozes fluid (wet)
-Gas gangrene, wound contaminated with gas producing anaerobes, usually C. perfringens
â— Tx: immediate wound debridement and Abx - what is a left shift?
- premature release of not yet fully mature neutrophils is called a myeloid "left shift".
- immune complex deposition
- HBV: antibody and HBsAg --> arthritis, skin and kidney damage
- joints affected in bacterial, mycobacterial,m and viral infection, respectively
- Knee, knee, hand (Rubella)
- HBV drug
- lamivudine
- pathology of measles and rubella infection
- respiratory droplets --> attachment via HA binding to CD46 --> F protein helps fusion --> virus is endocytosed --> replication --> epithelial cell lysis --> infection of upper respiratory tract --> primary viremia --> infects and replications in reticuloendothelial cells --> secondary viremia --> now skin involvement
- tropical spastic paraparesis
- HTLV-1, HTLV-2. leads to MS like disease, but with cranial nerve sparing.
- Most common Osteomylitis
- S. aureus
- 9 year old child with sickle cell anemia and osteomyelitis
- salmonella