Spanish 3 Finals
A review of different tenses and misc. thingies covered in the Spanish 3 exam.
Terms
undefined, object
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- Present Progressive
- Describe what is actually in the process of taking place; conjugtion of estar (estoy, estás, está...) + present participle (-ing) form of verb (-ando or -iendo)
- Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns
- If sentece has two verbs, place them before the conjugated verb or attach them directly to the infinitive. Make the sentence negative by placing the negative word directly before the pronouns.
- Present Perfect Subjunctive
- haya() + past participle;"I doubt that you did it" - doubt in past
- Indirect Object Pronouns
- me, te, nos...; prefix applies 'for whom,' 'to whom'; verb tense itself is who does the action; for negatives, 'no' comes before prefix
- Demonstrative Adjectives
- este (+accent), esta (+accent), esto/ ese+, esa+, eso/ aquel+, aqeulla+, aquello
- Past Participle
- Drop infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) and add -ado (for -ar verbs) or -ido (for -er, -ir verbs)
- Imperfect Subjunctive
- 'if this happens' part of sentence; ellos form of preterite - 'ron' + imperfect subjunctive endings (-ra, -ras, -ran, etc.)
- Future
- future tense or wonder/probablity in present; infinitive form of verb + future endings (-é, -ás, -á...)
- Past Perfect
- "had" (había habías había habíamos habían) + past participle; I had studied
- Present Perfect
- verb "has" or "have" (he has ha hemos han) + the past participle; I have studied
- Preterite
- é, aste, ó, amos, aron; í, iste, ió, imos, ieron; -ir verbs that change their stem in the present change e:i and o:u in the third person; -gar = gu, -car = -qu, -zar = -cu; with 2 vowels, change third person to -yó and -yeron
- Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns
- indirect object comes first: "Ellos me lo dan." = "They gave it to me."; when both begin with 'l', change first pronoun to 'se'; NEG: no coes before first pronoun;
- Conditional
- future+conditional endings; what would or would not happen if a condition was met (used with 'si' + imperfect subjunctive for the conditon)
- Subjunctive
- take 'yo' form and change ending to 'e-' or 'a-'; opposite of original ending; used when existence is uncertain or with doubt or not yet completed