Bugs & Drugs
Terms
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- Natural Penicillins are DOC for?
-
Streptococcal infx
Syphillis
Dental infx - What are the anti-staphylococcal penicillins?
-
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Dicloxacillin
Cloxacillin
Methicillin - Anti-staphylococcal penicillins are DOC for?
- Staph aureus
- Aminopenicillins are DOC for?
-
Enterococcus (w/AMG)
Listeria
Acute otitis media
Acute bacterial sinusitis
Bronchitis
Prophylaxis against endocarditis - Mezlocillin and piperacillin had action against what?
- Pseudomonas
- Augmentin is used for?
-
Beta-lactamase producing strains of staph
B. fragilis - Timentin and Zosyn are used for?
- Pseudomonas
- All cephalosporins are inactive against?
-
Listeria
Entercoccus - Which 4 cephs have MTT side chain?
-
Cefamandole
Cefoperazone
Cefotetan
Cefmetazole - 1st generation cephs?
- Cefazolin, cephalothin, cephapirin, cephalexin, cefadroxil, cephradine
- 1st gen cephs are DOC for?
-
Skin infx (cellulitis, impetigo)
Surgical prophylaxis - 2nd gen cephs?
- Cefamandole, cefmetazole, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefotetan, cefonicid, cefaclor, cefprozil, loracarbef
- Most potent cephs against anaerobes?
- Cefmetazole, cefoxitin, cefotetan
- Ceph w/ good biliary penetration?
- Cefamandole
- Oral cephs are good for?
-
Otitis media
Sinusitis - 2nd gen ceph that causes serum sickness?
- Cefaclor
- 3rd gen cephs?
- Cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefdinir, ceftriaxone, cefixime
- 3rd gen cephs have NO coverage of this?
- Anaerobes
- 3rd gen ceph with good pseudomonas coverage?
- Ceftazidime
- DOC for Neisseria meningitidis?
- Ceftriaxone
- Which 3rd gen ceph should be separated from Al, Mg, & Fe?
- Cefdinir
- 4th gen ceph?
- Cefepime
- Good for what coverage?
-
Pseudomonas
Noscomial infx - Carbapenem agents?
-
Imipenem/Cilastatin
Meropenem - Carbapenem ADR?
- Seizures
- Use for carbapenems?
- Empiric tx for mixed infx or severe noscomial infx
- Ertapenem lacks coverage of these?
-
pseudomonas
enterococcos
acinetobacter - Ertapenem dosing?
- once-a-day
- Monobactam agent?
- Aztreonam
- Monobactam coverage?
- gram negative only
- Erythromycin is DOC for?
-
mycoplasma pneumo.
legionella
diptheria
pertussis
chlamydia trach. - Conditions treated by azith. and clarith.?
-
acute RTI
pharyngitis
tonsillitis
otitis media
skin and soft tissue infx
CAP - Conditions treated by ketolide?
-
exacerbations in COPD
acute sinusitits
CAP - CI for ketolide?
- not with macrolide tx
- ADR of clindamycin?
- C. diff colitis
- ADRs of chloramphenicol?
- anemia, bone marrow suppression, gray baby sx
- What causes Fanconi sx?
- expired tetracyclines
- Conditions treated by TTCNs?
-
chronic bronchitis exac.
UTIs
syphillis in PCN-allergic
Brucellosis
Lyme dx
Chlamydia
Rickettsia - What decreases TTCN absorption?
- dairy products, Al, Ca, Mg, Fe
- ADRs of TTCN?
- teeth discoloration, photosensitivity
- Uses for Tigecycline?
- in pts >18 yo for skin infx including MRSA, intra-abdominal infx including B. fragilis but not pseudomonas
- MOA of Bactrim?
- PABA antagonist, inhibits folic acid synthesis, bacteriostatic
- Bactrim is DOC for?
-
UTI
PCP - MOA of quinolones?
- inhibit DNA gyrase and topo IV, bactericidal
- Conditions treated by quinolones?
-
Lower RTI
UTIs
pneumonia
GI infx - CI of quinolones?
- Pts <18yo
- 2nd gen quinolones best against?
- gram negatives
- 3rd gen quinolones better against?
- Strep. pneumo.
- Metronidazole does not cover these?
- aerobes
- DI w/ metronidazole?
- warfarin
- Use for linezolid?
- resistant gram + including VRE
- DI with linezolid?
- serotonergic agents and tyramine foods
- Use for quinapristin/dalfopristin?
- resistant gram +
- MOA for daptomycin?
- disruption of bacterial membrane fx
- Use for daptomycin?
- skin infx due to gram +