Coms103 Quiz1

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Speech skills are necessary for all social beings: Social imperative
More sophistaced receiver of public talk must engage in reflective complaining and reflective compliments: consumer imperative
speech training the study of human speech: Intellectual imperative
direct, in-person, spoken connections between people: orality
the mechanism by which our perceptions of the world are formed to fit with our existing values, knowledge, and experience: framing
credibility, reputation motives and aims no matter how pure or how grandiose shate characteristics w/ others good sense, goodwill, and good morals: Ethos/ethnics
to act in accordance w/ community beliefs and values: moral frames
you must find some moral frame you share w/ your lsteners if you're going to convince them that you have their best interests at heart.: skyhook principle
5 qualities that merit your attention: integrity, knowledge, rhetorical sensitivity, oral skills, self confidence
refers to speakers' attitudes toward the process of speech composition. More particulary it is the degree to which speakers recognize that all people are different and complex and must be considered individually.: Rhetorical sensitivity
allows you to think your way strategically through the decisions you have to make as you prepare for any speech: rhetorical frame of mind
steps in making a speech: 1 select the subject
2 narrowing the subject
3 determing the purpose
4 analyzing the audience/occasion
5 gathering speech materials
6 outlining the speech
7 practicing aloud
four general purposes to speaking: to inform
to persuade
to actuate
to entertain
to help listeneres understand an idea, concept, or process or to widen their range of knowledge.: speech to inform
to influence listeners to adopt a new point of view or to take a course of action: speech to persuade or actuate
not just a comic monologue. humor is purposeful. humouous yet serious: speech to entertain
seeking to explain an idea or inform an audience about a process or event: central idea
expresses the intent of your argument: claim
now the audience's knowledge of and attitude toward the topic b/c it is a primary determinant of success: audience analysis
delivered on the spur of the moment w/ little preperation: impromptu speech
written out, word for word, and commited to memory doesnt sound conversational: Memorized speech
written out, and read from a manuscript: Read speech
middle course between the memorized or read speech and impromptu speech requires careful planning and a good outline We use this speech: Extemporaneous Speech
5 Forms of supporting materials: 1 comparison/contrast
2 testimony
3 statistics
4 example/narrative
5 explanation
a description or expositoy passage that makes a term, concept, process, or proposal clear and acceptable tells what, how, or why and shows relatiohnships between a whole and its parts: explanation
an analogy that connects something already known or believed w/ ideas a speaker wishes to have understood or accepted. Stresses similarities: Comparisons
helps to clarify a complex situation or process by focusing on differences: Contrast
a detailed example of an idea you wish to support: illustration or narrative
(Ill. describes a concept/condition)
(Narr. is in story form)
if illustration is undeveloped or set up as a string of quick examples: specific instance
numbers that show relationships between or among phenomenal relationships that can emphasize size or magnitude, describe subclasses or parts, or establich trends: Statistics
show aspects of a problem caused by seperate factors: statistical SEGMENTS
indicators that tell us where we were, where we are now, and where we may be heading.: trends
great metaphor for WWW a system that allows everyone to access info. electronically from around the globe: Information Superhighway
a way of reading many assembled sources at once computerized language, pictures, and sounds and move site to site by clicking: World Wide Web
the address of some site: URL
an online database that allows you to explore broad subjects and find specific info by being directed to a source: search engine
the unacknowledged inclusion of someone else's words, ideas, or data as one's own.: plagiarism
teh most basic level which includes relationships built between ideas by use of structuring words: micro-structure
middle-level organization which is made up of packaging techniques that bundle ideas together in recognizable patters: meso-structure
a way or organizing a whole speech which includes introductory and concluding sections attached to the center of the speech: macro-structure
Language strategies to organize: Numerical order - In the first place
Temporal order - Before I, After you do,
Physical space - In the middle. To west
Topics/types - branches of govt
Narrative order - once upon a time
Logical inference - Because of this
Hierarchies - Higher/lower Inside/Out
temporal structureing of happenings or events: chronological pattern
begin at some perod or date and move forward systematically to provide background info.: temporal sequence
stories are the sourece of supporting material for some claim or moral-of-the-story: Narrative sequence
arranges ideas or subpoints in terms of their physical proximity or relationship to eachother: spatial pattern
organizes materials according to well-known regions or areas: geographical pattern
moves either from a description of present conditions to an analysis of the causes that seem to have produced them or an analysis of present causeses to a cnosideration of future effect: Causal pattern
useful in speeches that enumerate aspects of persons places things or processes: topical patterns
coverage of aspects as in an analysis of the whowhatwherewhenhowwhy sheme: complete enumeration
only talk about some facets focusing on some aspects not all: partial enumeration
constucted ou of a method for imporving sales in the 1920s teh steps conform to a listener's desire for need satifacton rational decision making and order. a holistic way of organizing speeches: Monroe's motivated sequence
capture and hold listeners' attention through the types of ideas you present they must be compelled to listen: attention step
make the info or viewpoint vial to audience's interest. set forth reasons for their concern about the issue you're discussing: need step
helps your listeners understand the info you're presenting or to show them how they can handle the needs you've raised in them: satisfaction step
in speeches to persuade to intensify the audiences desire or willingness to act: visualization step
favorable conditions that will prevail if the audience accepts your beliefs or proposal: positive method of visualization
describes the adverse conditions that will prevail in the future if the audience does not adopt your ideas or proposal: negative method of visualization
should be relatively brief answer the question of waht to do w/ info you gave: action step
a focus on one element in a given enfironment w/ other elements fading from conscious perception as a rewsult: attention
10 factors of attentoin: visualization, activity, reality, proximity, familiarity, novelty, suspense, conflict, humor, the vital
a sense of movemetn in the presentation that shows the audience you are alive: attention gaining/maintaining strategies
the here-and-now of sense data: concrete reality
a topic that is far away from the daily concerns of the audience neds to be brought home: proximity
employ in the face of new or strange ideas: familiarity
gains its strength from an initial familiarity w/ the allusion; using the familiar in new and unique ways gives it added punch: novelty
structuring stories so tehy build to a surprising climax: suspense
controversy compels attention: conflict
provides a chance for listeners to participate more actively in the transacton by sharing their laughter: humor
matter of personalizing your speech of making it unavoidable relevant not just to the group but also to specific individuals in your audience: the vital
creating word pictures: visualization
each item contain one main idea less important ideas subordinate to more important ideas consistent set of symbols logical relation of items/indentation: introduction
identifies your topic, provides a reasonable number of subtopics, and shows a method for organizing and developing your speech: rough outline
a diagnostic tool used to determine whether a speech is structurally sound: technical plot outline
everything referred to in shorthand use phrases and singel key words: speaking outline
highly useful tool in making sure both you and your audience know where you are as you present your ideas: powerpoint
statements about the world upon which two or more people agree: facts
a collection of facts associated w/ some topic: information
information given human significance: knowledge
satisfying lower-level needs before higher-level needs: hierarchy of prepotency
focus on the desire to belong to a group, to be well liked and accepted: Affiliation motives
relates both to the intrinsic and extrinsic desires for success, etc.: Achievement motives
involve activities in which influence over others is the primary objective: Power motives
an attempt to code or translate a biological ro social motive int o language: motivation appeal
claim that someone is acting on the basis of specific motives: attribution process
project a scene or setting in which people are enjoying the advantages of accepting your ideas: visualization process
a speech that assembles, arranges, and interprets info. gathered in response to a request from a particular group: oral briefing
has much in common w/ definitional speech less concerned w/ the word or vocab involved than w/ connection one concept to a series of others: explanatory speech

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