New anatomy review
Terms
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- Produce a watery secretion to lubricate food
- Salivary glands
- This gland is medial to mandible, and saliva only
- submandibular gland
- This gland is on the floor of the mouth and ducts open up on either side of midline
- Sublingual gland
- This transports food from pharnyx to stomach
- Esophagus
- The lower esophageal sphincter prevents what from occuring?
- Prevents stomach acid from leaving stomach GERD
- The pylorus of the stomach is contiguous with what? And what does it end at?
- Contiguous with duodenum and ends with pyloric sphincter
- The lining of the stomach is thrown into folds called what?
- rugae
- The lining of the stomach has shallow depressions between microscopic folds called what
- gastric pits
- This type of gastric epithelial cell produces mucous
- mucous cells
- This type of gastric epithelial cell produces HCI
- Parietal cells
- This type of gastric epithelial cell produces proteolytic enzymes
- Chief cells
- What sphincter is at the end of stomach and beginning of small intestines?
- Pyloric sphincter
- In what organ are most nutrients absorbed?
- small intestine
- The lining of the small intestie has circular folds called what?
- plicae-increase surface area
- The entire surface of the small intestine has microscopic folds called what?
- villi
- The duodenum is mainly on what side of the body?
- mainly on right superior side
- The liver is mainly on what side of the body?
- located in upper right quadrant
- Most digestion and absortion occor where? (Jejunum or ileum)
- Jejunum
- The jejunum is mainly located on what side of the body?
- superior and upper left quadrant
- The ileum is mainly located on what side of the body?
- Inferior and right quadrant
- The ileum empties into what?
- Cecum
- The cecum is located where in the body?
- Lower right quadrant
- What colon runs up the right side of the abdomen?
- Ascending
- This colon is also called the Hepatic flexure
- Ascending colon
- This colon is also called Splenic flexure
- Transverse
- This colon runds down left side of abdomen
- Descending colon
- An egg + surrounding cells is called what?
- Follicle
- Follicle cells produce what two types of material?
- estrogen and progesterone
- Fimbrae define the opening of the oviduct which is called
- infundibulum
- The oviduct is lined with what type of epithelium?
- cilated
- The oviduct is the most common site for what?
- fertilization
- This part of the female provides nutritional support and protection of embryo/fetus
- Uterus
- This female organ is the shape of an upside down pear
- Uterus
- The expulsion of fetus during labor occurs where?
- uterus
- The Perimetrium of the uterine wall is comprised of what?
- CT
- This layer of the uterine wall is smooth muscle, thickest layer, expel fetus
- Myometrium
- This layer of the uterine wall sheds every 28 days, and site of implantation of egg
- Endometrium
- This region of the uterus is most superior
- Fundus
- This region of the uterus is the major portion
- body
- This region of the uterus is most inferior,projects into post. vagina, posseses cervical canal called
- Cervix
- The shallow recess around cervix but part of the vagina is called what?
- Fornix
- The area enclosing the external genitalia is called what?
- Vulva
- This part of the external genitalia meets superiorly to form mons pubis
- Labia majora
- This part of the external genitalia is highly vascular and gives pink and meets to form clit
- Labia minora
- What is the skin caled that surrounds and defines the opening of the vagina?
- Hymen
- The nipple is surrounded by pgmented region of skin called what?
- areola
- When do the the testes first appear and what organ are they next to?
- 7 weeks next to kidney
- The scrotum is comprised of smooth muscle called what?
- Dartos
- This skeletal muscle is attached to the dermis
- Cremaster m. (scrotum)
- This part of the male anatomy controls temp of testes
- Scrotum
- True or False- Sperm will not develop at body temp.
- True
- Sperm development occurs at what temp?
- 35
- The testes are comprised of hollow tubing called what?
- Seminiferous tubules
- Where is sperm developed?
- testes- seminferious tubules
- The middle piece and neck of sperm contains what?
- large spiral mitochondrion
- This part of the male anatomy acts as recycling center for damaged sperm
- Epididymis
- This part of the male anatomy allows sperm to be fully functional
- Epididymis
- How long can sperm be stored for?
- 2 months
- The Ductus Vas Deferens begins at what organ of the male anatomy?
- Epididymis
- Ductus vas Deferens enters what gland
- prostate gland
- sperm + secretions equal what?
- semen (ejaculate)
- Typical ejaculation is about how many ml? And how many sperm
- 2-5 ml and about 500 million sperm
- The seminal vesicle is on the posterior surface of what?
- urinary bladder
- 60% of total semen volume is in what organ?
- seminal vesicle
- The seminal vesicle fuses with what to form the ejaculatory duct??
- Vas deferens
- What contributes to about 25% total semen volume?
- Prostate gland
- This portion of the urethra is within the prostate gland (male)
- Prostatic
- This portion of the urethra passes through the pelic muscles to enter the penis (male)
- Membranous
- This portion of the urethra courses the entire span of the penile shaft (male)
- Penile
- The body (shaft) is comprised of 3 parallel columns called what?
- erectile tissue
- The medulla of the kidney is segmented into functional units called what?
- pyramids
- The medulla of the kidney, each pyramid has on of these
- minor calyx
- This part of the kidney is a hollow funnel that collects urine from the pyramid
- Minor calyx
- The opening to the ureter of the kidney is called what?
- Renal pelvis
- This component of the kidney is a knot of capillaries
- Glomerulus
- Urine drains into which calyx?
- minor calyx
- This is not part of the nephron but it collects urine form distal convoluted tubules
- collecting duct
- This phase of fertilization occurse 12 hours post fertilization
- Cleavage
- The 16-cell stage is called what? It also develops 72 hours from fertilization
- Morula
- The Morula first spends 3 days in oviduct then enters what?
- uterus
- The Morula begins to accumulate fluid and forms cavity and once that it appears it is called what
- Blastocyst
- This process evolves from morula on day 5
- blastocyst
- This type of cell in will form the invading placenta
- Trophoblasts
- This type of cell will form the embryo
- Inner cell mass cells
- hCG is produced on what day?
- Day 6
- This chemical in the body prevents the menstrual cycle from occuring
- hCG
- In this week, implantation contines, and complete emersion into endometrium of uterus
- Week 2
- The development of CV and nervous systems occurs in what weeks?
- Weeks 3-4
- In what weeks will the embryo develop all structures that an adult has
- Weeks 5-8
- The embryonic period is what weeks?
- Weeks 1-8
- The fetal period begins at what week and goes until how long
- Week 9 and goes until birth at 38 weeks
- This period is characterized by development of structures (organs)
- Embryonic stage
- This period is characterized by growth of structures
- Fetal period
- How long is the esophagus
- 25 feet
- This component of the partoid gland enters oral cavity opposite 2nd molar
- Parotid duct
- Which salivary gland pierces the buccinator m.?
- Parotid
- Which salivary gland has ducts that open up just lateral to the togue frenulum
- Submandibular gland
- The zygote divided into two cells is called what?
- mitosis
- The duodenum receives secretions from what two glands
- Liver-bile and pancreas-bicarbonate and proteolytic enzymes
- About how many days does it take for the egg to reach the uterus?
- about three days
- In follicle development, on which day is the follicle recruited?
- Day 1
- In follicle development which day does 2 follicle
- Day 4
- In follicle development which day does 3 follicle (tertiary)
- Day 8
- In follicle development, which day is ovulation
- day 14
- At what fetal age do the testes descend into the scrotum?
- 8 months
- Each testis contains how many seminferous tubules?
- 800 seminiferous tubules
- Sperm maturation takes how many weeks?
- 9 weeks
- Testosterone production occurs in cells between what?
- seminiferous tubule-Intersittial cells or cells of Leydig
- How man inches is the Ductus vas Deferens?
- About 16 inches long
- Which gland in the male anatomy contains large amounts of fructose?
- Seminal Vesicles
- This gland of the male anatomy starts where 1st gland seminal vesicle
- Ejaculatory duct
- The ejaculatory enters what two components of the male anatomy?
- prostate gland and urethra
- This gland of the male anatomy secretes alkaline mucous
- Bulbourethral glands
- The body shaft of the male anatomy consists of what three tissues?
- 2 corpora cavernosa and 1 corpos spongiosum
- The distal expansion of the corpus spongiosum is called what?
- Glans
- On the male, the opening of the urethra is refered to as what?
- external urethral meatus
- Filtration of blood and the production of urine occur where?
- The Nephron
- When do ovaries first appear?
- 13 weeks
- How many eggs will a female ever generate?
- 1 million eggs
- How many eggs disappear by birt and puberty?
- half disapear by birth and half disappear by puberty
- At puberty, the women ovulates how many eggs per days
- 1 egg/28 days
- Resorbs water and electrolytes back into blood and absorption of certain vitamins
- The large intestine
- The lower espohageal sphincter has what type of muscle?
- circular m.
- What is in the abdominal cavity?
- Nothing everything is covered with peritoneum
- When an infectious agent gets intot he abdominal cavity it causes this
- Peritonitis