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review for Nursing 125

Terms

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psychoactive drug use of any class or type, used alone or in combination that poses hazard to health.
Abuse
_______- a maladaptive pattern of substance use manifested by recurrent and significant adverse consequences related to respeated use of the substance.
Abuse
evidenced by a cluster of cognitive, behavioral and physiological symptoms indicating that the individual continues use of the substance despite significant substance- related problems.
Dependence
_____- the need for increased larger or more frequent doses of a substance in order to obtain the desired effects originally produced by a lower dose
Tolerance
________- the development of a reversible substance- specific syndrome caused by the recent ingestion of or exposure to a substance
Intoxication
_______- the development of a substance specific maladaptive behavioral change with physiological and cognitive concomitants that is due to the cessation of or reduction in heavy and prolonged substance use.
Withdrawel
_______ persons sacriface their own needs for the fulfillment of others in order to achieve a sense of control.
Codependent
the narcotic antagonist __________ (revia) is used for treatment of alcohol dependence.
Naltrexone
_______-are the most widely used group of drugs for substitution therapy in alcohol withdrawel. Chlordiazepoxide (librium), oxazepam (serax) diazepam (valium) are the most commonly used agents. Xanax is also used
Benzodiazepines
________meds (carbamazepine, valporic acid or gabapentin) for management of withdrawel seizures
anticonvulsant
______replacement therapy is required to prevent neuropathy, confusion and encephalopathy
thiamine
______ intoxication is treatment with narcotic antagonists such as naloxone (narcan), naltrexone (revia) or nalonefene (revex)
Opioid
_____subsitution is complete in 21 days
methadone
Substitution therapy for ________ withdrawel is with the long acting barbiturate phenobarbital (luminal)
CNS depressant
treatment of ____________ intoxication begins with chlordiazepoxide and progresses to haloperidol (haldol)
Stimulant
________- unable to control use
dependent
________- continued use of a substance
abuse
nicotine stimulates the release of ________ from the adrenal gland
epinephrine
intoxication from ________ usually occurs following consumption in excess of 250 mg
caffeine
opioids exert both a sedative and an ________ effect used for relief of pain, diarrhea, and coughing
analgesic
Substance induced hallucinations are usually ________
visual
one of the most commonly abused hallucinogens today is ____. physical dependence does not occur with this.
PCP
_________- all individuals from families that harbor secrets of physical or emotional abuse, other cruelties or pathological conditions.
Codependence
the codependent person is able to achieve a sense of control only through fulfilling the needs of ______
others
a __________ is confused about their own identity, home life is fraught with stress, ego boundaries are weak and behaviors are often unmeshed with those of the pathological partner.
they are people pleasurs
codependent
Disulfiram (_______)- is the drug given to someone who abuses alcohol as a deterrent to drinking
antabuse
Certain personality traits increase a tendency toward addictive behaviors. these include:
_________, frequent depression, passivity, the inability to relax or to defer gratification and the inability to communicate effectively
low self esteem
alcohol exerts a __________ effect on the CNS
depressant
Phase_____________- characterized by the use of alcohol to relieve the everyday stress and tensions of life
Phase 1- pre-alcoholic phase
Phase ________________- phase begins with blackouts- brief periods of amnesia that occur during or immediately following a period of drinking
Phase 2- early alcholic phase
Phase________________- person has lost control and physiological dependence is clearly evident. (the inability to choose whether or not to drink)
binge drinking is common
Phase 3- the crucial phase
Phase _____________- emotional and physical disintegration. person is intoxicated more than sober
Phase 4- chronic phase
use neomycin or lactoluse to reduce __________ levels
amnonia
Phenobarbital is a ________ drug
sedative
Primary action of sedative/hypnotics is on ______tissue
nervous

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